COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE FREQUENCY AND STRUCTURE OF COMPLICATIONS OF THE BCG AND BCG-M TUBERCULOSIS VACCINE

Abstract

Introduction. The effectiveness of TB vaccination is low in more than half of children with tuberculosis, which is confirmed by the small size of the post-vaccination scar or its absence. Having a residual virulence, the BCG strain can cause the development of post-vaccination complications. Objective – to conduct a comparative analysis of the frequency and structure of complications of TB vaccination with BCG and BCG-M in children. Material and methods. The analysis of the frequency and structure of complications was carried out in 284 children in BCG vaccination, in 273 children in BCG-M vaccine. Results. The use of BCG-M vaccine reduced the frequency and proportion of complications, and improved the structure of post-vaccination complications. The development of complications is associated with altered immunological reactivity of the child, which is manifested by a decrease in the activation potential of T-lymphocytes and functional insufficiency of humoral immune cells. Conclusions. During the period of TB vaccination, a thorough clinical and laboratory analysis of children with perinatal pathology is necessary to exclude immune insufficiency and reduce the risk of complications.

Keywords

• tuberculosis vaccination
• bcg vaccine
• children
• complications
• immunological reactivity