Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology (Jan 2014)

Ultrasonographic evaluation of fascial space infections of odontogenic origin

  • Mohit Sharma,
  • Kathikeya Patil,
  • Mahima V Guledgud

DOI
https://doi.org/10.4103/2321-3841.133553
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 2, no. 1
pp. 8 – 14

Abstract

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Introduction: Dental infection has plagued the human kind for as long as our species has existed. It is often difficult to diagnose the stage of infection. The relative blind surgical incision and drainage performed in such situations usually results in excessive harm through unnecessary extensive incisions, and failure to locate and evacuate the abscess cavity completely. The potential use of ultrasonography (USG) in fascial space infections of odontogenic origin has not been explored completely and deserves much more intensive, high quality research. Objectives: (1) To elucidate the role of USG as an adjunctive diagnostic aid for fascial space infections of odontogenic origin. (2) To aid in appropriate treatment planning and management of fascial space infections of odontogenic origin. Materials and Methods: The study group comprised of 30 patients of either genders, irrespective of age and presented with unilateral fascial space infection of odontogenic origin. After the clinical and radiographic examinations, patients underwent USG evaluation. USG-guided intraoperative aspiration was done to confirm the diagnosis. All the findings were tabulated and subjected to statistical analysis. Results: USG was as accurate as USG-guided intraoral aspiration (Gold standard) in diagnosing fascial space infections of odontogenic origin with sensitivity and specificity of 100%. In cases of abscess USG showed a well-defined homogenous anechoic pattern, cellulitis cases showed an ill-defined heterogeneous hyperechoic pattern while edema showed an ill-defined isoechoic pattern. Conclusion: The different stages of fascial space infections of odontogenic origin can be clearly depicted on the USG. USG can be used as a reliable adjunctive imaging technique in the diagnosis of fascial space infection of odontogenic origin and thus aids in appropriate treatment planning and management of such cases.

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