Correlation between Pain, Disability, and Quality of Life in Young Adults with Chronic Non-Specific Low Back Pain: A Cross-sectional Study

Abstract

Introduction: Chronic Non-Specific Low Back Pain (CNLBP) is characterized by persistent pain lasting more than 12 weeks. Common contributing factors include sedentary jobs, prolonged periods of inactivity or sitting, and a lack of physical activity. CNLBP can restrict everyday activities such as dressing and bathing, potentially leading to disability and a reduction in the Quality of Life (QOL). Aim: To determine the correlation between pain, disability, and QOL in young adults with CNLBP. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2021 to June 2024 at the outpatient department of KJ Somaiya College of Physiotherapy. After obtaining approval from the institutional ethical committee and based on the selection criteria, a total of 98 participants were included. The outcome measures utilised in the study included the Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire-24 (RMDQ-24), the World Health Organization Quality of Life Brief Version (WHO QOL BREF), and the Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) to assess disability, QOL, and pain, respectively. Pearson’s correlation test was employed to determine the correlation between these parameters. Results: The findings of the study indicated non-significant correlation between pain and disability (r=0.0021, p=0.4918), between pain and QOL (r=-0.0016, p=0.9872), and a negative, non-significant correlation between disability and QOL (r=-0.1015, p=0.3196). Conclusion: The study concluded that there was no correlation between pain and disability, QOL and disability. Similarly, a negative non significant correlation was obtained between disability and QOL in young adults with CNLBP.

Keywords

• chronic non-specific low back pain
• numerical pain rating scale
• roland morris disability questionnaire
• world health organisation quality of life brief version
• physical rehabilitation
• telerehabilitation