Научно-технические ведомости СПбГПУ: Экономические науки (Oct 2020)
INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT OF REGION: ESSENTIAL ARCHITECTURE OF INDICATORS
Abstract
Regional innovation is becoming the main factor in economic growth. The success of the innovative development of the region determines the competitiveness of the territory, the well-being of the citizens living on it. The results of the innovative development of the regions are statistically observable and measurable; for the assessment, various methods are used, including various indicators in different groups. The innovative development of the region is largely determined by the innovative development of enterprises located in the region (other measurement problems). There is still an active discussion of the objectivity and correctness of these assessments. The article provides a comparative analysis of the methods for assessing the innovative development of regions used in the EU, USA, Russia and proposed by scientists. Studied twenty-eight methods, representing twenty points of view on the structure of indicators for assessing innovative development. It was revealed that most of the methods use from three to five groups of indicators, but without sufficient justification for the selection of these groups; the groupings are, as a rule, based on the “process approach” (which includes three stages: “input”, “process”, “output”), there are no indicators of the effectiveness of the innovation process, many indicators are “scattered across different groups (for example,“ financing ”), which complicates the final assessment of the innovation process, there is no detailed definition of the content of the concept of innovative development, the goals, objectives, criteria are not "spelled out" (perhaps this is considered optional for clarification, or generally understood). The article proposes to clarify the essential (essential) content of the concept of "innovative development of the region", as a balanced innovative state of the region, innovative consistency of the region, specifies the goals, objectives, assessment criteria. A new architecture of indicators of innovative development of the region is proposed, which includes five groups of indicators: an assessment of innovative potential (the first is an assessment of educational potential, the second is an assessment of scientific potential), an assessment of efficiency (third), an assessment of the effectiveness of innovative development (fourth) and the formation and implementation of regional innovation policy (fifth). The proposed architecture of indicators of innovative development presupposes the implementation of the principle of balanced management, the innovative potential is formed and its active use is assumed (effective use (balance of opportunities and forces); effective regional innovation policy is a balance “regulator”.
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