This article presents a classification method that utilizes impedance spectrum features and an enhanced K-means algorithm for Lithium-ion batteries. Additionally, a parameter identification method for the fractional order model is proposed, which is based on the flow direction algorithm (FDA). In order to reduce the dimensionality of battery features, the Pearson correlation coefficient is employed to analyze the correlation between impedance spectrum features. The battery classification is carried out using the improved K-means algorithm, which incorporates the optimization of the initial clustering center using the grey wolf optimization (GWO) algorithm. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of this method in accurately classifying batteries and its high level of accuracy and robustness. Consequently, this method can be relied upon to provide robust support for battery performance evaluation and fault diagnosis.
