Mycotic coronary aneurysm: A rare complication of percutaneous coronary intervention

Abstract

Coronary artery aneurysms are extremely rare, major causative factors associated with this condition are atherosclerosis, trauma, connective tissue disorders, vasculitis, idiopathic, mycotic, and congenital. We present a case of a 49-year-old male who underwent primary angioplasty for acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction and presented with chest pain, fresh ST elevation, and fever after 10 days of the index procedure. The patient was suspected to have subacute stent thrombosis along with some infective pathology. However, work up did not reveal any systemic localization, and blood cultures were negative. Coronary angiogram showed aneurysm of the left anterior descending artery (LAD) with Grade 3 thrombus in the proximal part of stent with thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) II antegrade flow. A two-dimensional echo revealed mild left ventricular dysfunction with moderate pericardial effusion. Cardiac positron emission tomography scan confirmed the suspicion of a stent-related mycotic aneurysm. Therefore, the patient was managed with intravenous antibiotics, antiplatelets, and low-molecular-weight heparin, followed by newer oral anticoagulants.

Keywords

• coronary artery disease
• mycotic aneurysm
• pericardial effusion
• primary angioplasty