Changes in daily intake of nutrients and foods including confectionery after the initiation of empagliflozin in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes: a pilot study
Toshiko Murayama,
Michihiro Hosojima,
Hideyuki Kabasawa,
Takahiro Tanaka,
Nobutaka Kitamura,
Mai Tanaka,
Shoji Kuwahara,
Yoshiki Suzuki,
Ichiei Narita,
Akihiko Saito
Affiliations
Toshiko Murayama
Division of Clinical Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kidney Research Center, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences
Michihiro Hosojima
Department of Clinical Nutrition Science, Kidney Research Center, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences
Hideyuki Kabasawa
Department of Clinical Nutrition Science, Kidney Research Center, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences
Takahiro Tanaka
Clinical and Translational Research Center, Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital
Nobutaka Kitamura
Clinical and Translational Research Center, Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital
Mai Tanaka
Department of Clinical Nutrition Science, Kidney Research Center, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences
Shoji Kuwahara
Department of Applied Molecular Medicine, Kidney Research Center, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences
Yoshiki Suzuki
Division of Clinical Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kidney Research Center, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences
Ichiei Narita
Division of Clinical Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kidney Research Center, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences
Akihiko Saito
Department of Applied Molecular Medicine, Kidney Research Center, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences
Abstract Introduction It is unclear how dietary intake changes after sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor (SGLT2i) treatment is started in patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods We performed a non-controlled, open-label study that enrolled 51 patients with type 2 diabetes. The patients were newly administered empagliflozin, and their dietary habits were examined using a self-administered diet history questionnaire at the beginning of the study and after 24 weeks. We investigated the association of changes in HbA1c and body weight with changes in energy, nutrient, and food group intakes. Results At 24 weeks after the start of the study, HbA1c improved significantly and body weight decreased. In the food group, only the intake of confectionery increased, and there were no significant differences in the association between changes in HbA1c and body weight and changes in energy, nutrient, and food group intakes after 24 weeks. However, a significant negative correlation was found between change in HbA1c after 4 weeks and change in energy intake after 24 weeks, and principal component analysis showed an association between change in HbA1c levels after 4 weeks and change in energy intake and some food group intakes including confectionery after 24 weeks. Conclusion In this study, after 24 weeks of treatment with empagliflozin, only intake of confectionery increased. Early assessment by dietitians after initiation of SGLT2i treatment might be important because our data suggested that the reduction in blood glucose levels after the start of empagliflozin was associated with a subsequent increase in energy intake. Trial registration University Hospital Medical Information Network-Clinical Trials Registry (UMIN-CTR) on September 5, 2016 (registration ID, UMIN000002309|| http://www.umin.ac.jp/ctr/ ).
