OncoTargets and Therapy (Jan 2021)
The Biological Roles of Exosomal Long Non-Coding RNAs in Cancers
Abstract
Miao Da,1 Hao Jiang,1 Yangyang Xie,2 Weili Jin,3 Shuwen Han4 1Department of Nursing, Huzhou Third Municipal Hospital, Huzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China; 2Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Digestive System Cancers of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo 315000, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Gastroenterology, Nanxun District People’s Hospital, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313009, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Oncology, Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital HuZhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Shuwen HanDepartment of Oncology, Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital HuZhou University, No.1558, Sanhuan North Road, Wuxing District, Huzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86 5722555750Email [email protected]: Although it has many treatment strategies, cancer is still one of the most common causes of morbidity and mortality in the world. Exosomes are small extracellular vesicles (EVs) that can be secreted by almost all cells. Exosomes can encapsulate various types of molecules, including lipids, proteins, DNA, messenger RNAs, and non-coding RNAs [microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs)]. Exosome release is a way of communication between cells. They act as powerful signaling molecules between cancer cells and the surrounding cells that make up the cancer microenvironment. lncRNAs are a class of non-coding P, with a length of more than 200 bp, which are differentially expressed in many cancers. lncRNAs have been widely regarded as a new medium for cancer behavior. The presence of lncRNAs in circulation can be acellular or encapsulated in exosomal bodies released by cancer cells. Exosomal lncRNAs are functional and can transmit different phenotypic patterns to neighboring cells. Here, we reviewed the molecular mechanism of exosomal lncRNAs in regulating cancer progression, angiogenesis, and chemotherapy resistance, as well as the prospective applications of exosomal lncRNAs in cancer diagnosis, treatment and prognosis. These findings potentially promote the current understanding of exosomal lncRNAs and provide a new research direction for exosomal lncRNAs in cancer prevention, diagnosis, and treatment.Keywords: exosome, long non-coding RNAs, cancer
