Bìznes Inform (Aug 2020)
Global Trends in the Development of Hydrogen Technologies in Industry
Abstract
The article defines the main prerequisites and analyzes trends in the use of hydrogen technologies taking into account energy potential and ecological features of hydrogen. The main technologies of hydrogen production are considered, the prospects and disadvantages of their use are determined. The capital expenditures and the cost of hydrogen in different ways of obtaining it are analyzed. The comparison of distributed and centralized production routes is carried out. The principles of alkaline, REM and SOE electrolyses are analyzed. On the basis of analysis, systematization and generalization of the studies of numerous scholars, the potential possibility of transition to hydrogen economy is analyzed. As a result of the study on the electrolysis of different technological types, a comparative analysis is carried out in the form of a matrix of advantages and disadvantages. The main factors that affect the cost of «green» hydrogen are defined as follows: energy potential of renewable sources; cost of basic and auxiliary equipment; availability and cost of water resource; cost of land plots for placing basic and auxiliary equipment; operating costs. The predictive values of the technological and economic indicators of the «green» hydrogen production are presented, in particular: capital expenditures, operating costs, system efficiency, etc. Research of the adopted strategies for the development of hydrogen economy in developed countries allows to conclude that hydrogen use is a promising low-carbon solution in the energy sector. It is identified that hydrogen production is advisable to carry out in close conjunction with renewable energetics, which will enable to obtain economic and environmental effects. Prospect for further research in this direction is the development of a strategy for transition to hydrogen technologies of Ukraine on the basis of economic and mathematical modeling.
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