Frontiers in Psychology (Apr 2019)
Validation of the Children’s Eating Behavior Questionnaire in 5 and 6 Year-Old Children: The GUSTO Cohort Study
- Phaik Ling Quah,
- Lisa R. Fries,
- Mei Jun Chan,
- Anna Fogel,
- Keri McCrickerd,
- Ai Ting Goh,
- Izzuddin M. Aris,
- Izzuddin M. Aris,
- Yung Seng Lee,
- Yung Seng Lee,
- Yung Seng Lee,
- Wei Wei Pang,
- Iccha Basnyat,
- Hwee Lin Wee,
- Hwee Lin Wee,
- Fabian Yap,
- Keith M. Godfrey,
- Yap-Seng Chong,
- Yap-Seng Chong,
- Lynette P. C. Shek,
- Lynette P. C. Shek,
- Kok Hian Tan,
- Ciaran G. Forde,
- Ciaran G. Forde,
- Mary F. F. Chong,
- Mary F. F. Chong,
- Mary F. F. Chong
Affiliations
- Phaik Ling Quah
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- Lisa R. Fries
- Nestlé Research, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Mei Jun Chan
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- Anna Fogel
- Clinical Nutrition Research Center, Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- Keri McCrickerd
- Clinical Nutrition Research Center, Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- Ai Ting Goh
- Clinical Nutrition Research Center, Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- Izzuddin M. Aris
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- Izzuddin M. Aris
- Department of Pediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Yung Seng Lee
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- Yung Seng Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Yung Seng Lee
- Divisions of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Khoo Teck Puat-National University Children’s Medical Institute, National University Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Wei Wei Pang
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore – National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Iccha Basnyat
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Hwee Lin Wee
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Hwee Lin Wee
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Fabian Yap
- Department of Pediatrics, KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
- Keith M. Godfrey
- 0Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, The University of Southampton, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, United Kingdom
- Yap-Seng Chong
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- Yap-Seng Chong
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore – National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Lynette P. C. Shek
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- Lynette P. C. Shek
- Department of Pediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Kok Hian Tan
- 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
- Ciaran G. Forde
- Clinical Nutrition Research Center, Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- Ciaran G. Forde
- 2Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Mary F. F. Chong
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- Mary F. F. Chong
- Clinical Nutrition Research Center, Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- Mary F. F. Chong
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00824
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 10
Abstract
Revised subscales of the Children’s Eating Behavior Questionnaire (CEBQ) have been proposed to be more appropriate for assessing appetitive traits in Singaporean 3 year-olds, but the CEBQ has not yet been validated in older children in this population. The current study aimed to validate the CEBQ at ages 5 (n = 653) and 6 (n = 449) in the ethnically diverse GUSTO cohort. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) examined whether the established eight-factor model of the CEBQ was supported in this sample. Overall, the CFA showed a poor model fit at both ages 5 and 6. At both ages 5 and 6, an exploratory factor analysis revealed a six-factor structure: food fussiness, enjoyment of food, slowness in eating, emotional undereating, emotional overeating and desire to drink. Cronbach’s alpha estimates ranged from 0.70 to 0.85 for all subscales. Criterion validity was tested by correlating subscales with the weight status of 6 years of age. At age 5 and 6, lower scores of slowness of eating while higher scores of enjoyment of food was associated with child overweight. At age 6, higher scores of desire to drink was also associated child overweight. In conclusion, a revised six factor-structure of the CEBQ at ages 5 and 6 were more appropriate for examining appetitive traits in this sample.
Keywords
- children’s eating behaviors
- BMI z-score
- confirmatory factor analysis
- exploratory factor analysis
- growing up in Singapore toward healthy outcomes