International Journal of Nanomedicine (Aug 2022)
Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Small Extracellular Vesicles: A Novel Approach for Kidney Disease Treatment
Abstract
Yukang Lu,1,2 Lanfeng Wang,3 Mengting Zhang,1,2 Zhiping Chen2 1First Clinical Medical College, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Zhiping Chen, Department of Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, No. 23, Qingnian Road, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi Province, People’s Republic of China, Tel +8615083737280, Email [email protected]: Globally, kidney disease has become a serious health challenge, with approximately 10% of adults suffering with the disease, and increasing incidence and mortality rates every year. Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) are 30 nm– 100 nm sized nanovesicles released by cells into the extracellular matrix (ECM), which serve as mediators of intercellular communication. Depending on the cell origin, sEVs have different roles which depend on internal cargoes including, nucleic acids, proteins, and lipids. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSCs) exert anti-inflammatory, anti-aging, and wound healing functions mainly via sEVs in a stable and safe manner. MSC-derived sEVs (MSC-sEVs) exert roles in several kidney diseases by transporting renoprotective cargoes to reduce oxidative stress, inhibit renal cell apoptosis, suppress inflammation, and mediate anti-fibrosis mechanisms. Additionally, because MSC-sEVs efficiently target damaged kidneys, they have the potential to become the next generation cell-free therapies for kidney disease. Herein, we review recent research data on how MSC-sEVs could be used to treat kidney disease.Keywords: small extracellular vesicles, mesenchymal stem cells, acute kidney injury, chronic kidney disease, renal cell carcinoma
