مجله علمی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی کردستان (Dec 2022)
The Factors of Predicting the Adoption of Preventive Nutritional Behaviors from Osteoporosis: Applying the Integrated Health Belief Model with Health Literacy
Abstract
Background and Aim: Considering the potential impact of health literacy on strengthening the health belief model and also the role of health literacy in adopting preventive behaviors and the role of health volunteers in transmitting health messages to the community, this study aimed to assess the structures of the health belief model combined with health literacy in predicting the adoption of osteoporosis preventive nutritional behaviors among health volunteers. Materials and Methods: In an analytical cross-sectional study, 290 active health volunteers referring to health centers in Qazvin in 1399 were selected through multi-stage random sampling to participate in the study. Data collection tools included a standard questionnaire based on the Health Belief Model, Iranian Adult Health Literacy Assessment Tool (HELIA), and a questionnaire to assess the adoption of osteoporosis preventive nutritional behaviors. Using SPSS software version 23, data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficient, and multiple regression tests. Results: The mean and standard deviation of health literacy and adoption of preventive eating behaviors scores were 65.47 ± 12.54 and 6.104 ± 1.417, respectively. Multiple regression test showed the constructs of perceived barriers (P = 0.026, β = -0.155), self-efficacy (P = 0.009, β = 0.317) and health literacy (P = 0.016, β = 0.259) were predictors of osteoporosis-preventive nutritional behaviors. Together, these variables were able to predict 37.8% of behavioral changes. Conclusion: The integrated health belief model with health literacy can be used as a suitable framework for designing educational interventions to encourage health volunteers to adopt preventive nutritional behaviors from osteoporosis.
