Vestnik MGTU (Jun 2018)
The physiological state of the Fucus vesiculosus L. of the Barents Sea in a prolonged air condition
Abstract
The increase in anthropogenic pressure on ecosystems necessitated the implementation of measures aimed at purifying the environment and restoring disturbed biocoenoses. To remediate the marine environment from heavy metals, radionuclides, oil products, it has been proposed to use plantations-biofilters, the biological components of which are seaweeds. Fucoids, in particular Fucus vesiculosus, have been identified as the most suitable objects as they have a high sorption activity to heavy metals, radionuclides, are able to include petroleum hydrocarbons in own metabolism. By the standard methods of plant physiological research (determination of photosynthetic activity, content of photosynthetic pigments, relative water content) the ability of F. vesiculosus to withstand prolonged exposure to air has been determined. In the experiment, the algae were placed on the netting, twisted into a roll wrapped with a tarp (to prevent drying plants) and set in different experimental conditions (in constant (8 ºC) and variable (7–19 ºC) temperatures). Algae retained the photosynthetic capacity for 30 days, but after 20 days there was a decrease in this process compared to control. After the experiment, algae recovered the level of photosynthetic capacity for one day. The total content of chlorophylls and the ratio of Chl A / Chl C during the experiment did not change, which also indicates the sustainability of the photosynthetic apparatus of F. vesiculosus. It has been shown that F. vesiculosus is able to maintain physiological activity within 30 days if it is under conditions that ensure moisture retention in the thalli is not less than 55 %. This ability expands the potential of using F. vesiculosus as an object of sanitary aquaculture: it is possible to pre-build modules of plantation-biofilter and their long transportation.
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