Madelung’s Disease: Analysis of Clinical Characteristics, Fatty Mass Distribution, Comorbidities and Treatment of 54 Patients in China

Abstract

Runze Li,1,2,* Chuanxiao Wang,3,* Quandong Bu,4 Wenshen Pu,5 Bin Zhou,4 Lin Che,4 Hui Zhang,4 Yan Xu,4 Hong Luan4 1Department of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Endocrine, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Thoracic Surgery, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China; 5Department of Nephrology, Baoshan People’s Hospital, Baoshan, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Hong Luan, Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266003, People’s Republic of China, Tel [phone], Fax [phone], Email [email protected]: Madelung’s disease (MD) is a rare disease characterized by the deposition of unencapsulated fat masses on the face, neck, chest, back and other areas of patients. The aim of the study was to analyze the clinical characteristics, comorbidities and treatment of MD in Chinese populations.Patients and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 54 patients who were diagnosed with MD at the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University and Qingdao Municipal Hospital from January 2005 to February 2021 and collected the subjects’ demographic information, clinical indicators, location of fat deposits, treatment, complications and prognostic data.Results: Among 54 MD patients in the study, only 1 (1.85%) was female, and the subjects had an average age of 56.65 ± 7.93 years. More than 70% of patients had a history of long-term smoking or/and alcohol abuse. In our study, type I accounted for approximately 61.11% of cases according to Donhauser’s classification, and almost all patients had neck fat deposition. MD patients often have multiple comorbidities across several systems, such as the endocrine, digestive, circulatory, urinary, and neurological systems. Among these, endocrine system diseases were the most common comorbidities in our study, accounting for 81.48%. Notably, up to 20.37% of cases were complicated with cancer, especially digestive system tumors. More than 70% of the patients received surgical treatment, and nearly 40% experienced postoperative recurrence.Conclusion: Considering that MD patients often have comorbidities of multiple systems and that a small number of cases are even complicated by cancer, we recommend that clinicians comprehensively assess a patient’s condition and complications, advocate that patients quit consuming alcohol and smoking as soon as possible, establish healthy dietary and living habits, and formulate individualized and comprehensive diagnosis and treatment plans.Keywords: Madelung’s disease, multiple symmetric lipomatosis, Launois-Bensaude syndrome, benign symmetric lipomatosis, alcohol abuse

Keywords

• madelung’s disease
• multiple symmetric lipomatosis
• launois-bensaude syndrome
• benign symmetric lipomatosis
• alcohol abuse