Sleep Disorders and Sleep Problems in Patients With Tourette Syndrome and Other Tic Disorders: Current Perspectives

Abstract

Félix Javier Jiménez-Jiménez,1 Hortensia Alonso-Navarro,1 Elena García-Martín,2 José AG Agúndez2 1Section of Neurology, Hospital Universitario Del Sureste, Arganda del Rey, Madrid, Spain; 2Universidad de Extremadura, University Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, ARADyAL, Cáceres, SpainCorrespondence: Félix Javier Jiménez-Jiménez, Section of Neurology, Hospital Universitario Del Sureste, Ronda del Sur 10, Arganda del Rey, Madrid, E28500, Spain, Email [email protected]: Sleep disorders seem to be a frequent complaint of patients diagnosed with Tourette syndrome (TS) or chronic or persistent tic disorders (CTD or PTD). In this review, we expanded a previously used search using 4 well-known databases up to February 15, 2022, looking for the coexistence of global and/or specific sleep disorders and polysomnographic studies performed on patients with TS/CTD/PTD. The references of interest in the topic were selected by hand. Sleep disorders in general, insomnia, different arousal disorders, the persistence of tics during sleep, excessive daytime sleepiness, and periodic limb movements during sleep (PLMS) were very frequent in patients with TS, most of them being more frequent in patients with comorbid Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. The most frequent results from polysomnographic studies were decreased sleep efficiency and increased sleep onset latency. Many of these findings could be related to medication used for the treatment of tics and comorbid disorders.Keywords: Tourette syndrome, sleep disorders, insomnia, hypersomnia, arousal disorders, periodic limb movements during sleep

Keywords

• tourette syndrome
• sleep disorders
• insomnia
• hypersomnia
• arousal disorders
• periodic limb movements during sleep.