International Journal of Women's Health (Apr 2019)
The prevalence and determinants of pregnancy-related anxiety amongst pregnant women at less than 24 weeks of pregnancy in Bangalore, Southern India
Abstract
Anita Nath,1 Shubhashree Venkatesh,1 Sheeba Balan,1 Chandra S Metgud,2 Murali Krishna,3 Gudlavalleti Venkata Satyanarayana Murthy4,51Indian Institute of Public Health Hyderabad-Bangalore Campus, Public Health Foundation of India, Bangalore, Karnataka, India; 2Department of Community Medicine, J.N. Medical College, KLE University, Belgavi, Karnataka, India; 3FRAMe, Mysore, Karnataka, India; 4Indian Institute of Public Health Hyderabad, Public Health Foundation of India, Hyderabad, Telangana, India; 5Department of Clinical Research, International Center for Evidence in Disability, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UKBackground: A pregnant woman undergoes physiological as well as psychological changes during this phase of life during which anxiety is a commonly faced mental condition. There is sufficient evidence on the association of pregnancy specific anxiety with adverse pregnancy outcomes. Studies on anxiety during pregnancy from low and middle income countries are limited.Methods: This study included 380 pregnant women, having a confirmed pregnancy of less than 24 weeks without any obstetric complication, who were availing of antenatal care at a public sector hospital in Bangalore city. Pregnancy-related thoughts (PRT) scale was used to screen for anxiety. Details pertaining to sociodemographic data, obstetric history, psychosocial factors including social support, marital discord, domestic violence, consanguinity, history of catastrophic events, history of mental illness, current presence of depression and anxiety was obtained by means of electronic data capture using an Android-based App.Results: Out of 380 pregnant women, 195 (55.7%) were found to have pregnancy-related anxiety. Lower socioeconomic status, low social support and depression emerged as significant determinants of anxiety.Conclusion: The prevalence of anxiety was fairly high in the study population and isp therefore an important public health concern. Pregnancy-related anxiety must be identified early during routine antenatal care to prevent any untoward pregnancy outcomes.Keywords: anxiety, pregnancy, prevalence, determinants, India
