Clinical-surgical characteristics of patients with sigmoid volvulus in the Joaquín Albarrán Hospital, during 2019

Abstract

Introduction: sigmoid volvulus is responsible for 50-75% of large bowel obstructions worldwide. Objective: to characterise the patients treated surgically for sigmoid volvulus at the "Joaquín Albarrán" Clinical Surgical Hospital during the period January-December 2019. Methods: an observational, descriptive, cross-sectional, descriptive study was carried out in 19 patients treated surgically for sigmoid volvulus. The following variables were studied: age, sex, clinical manifestations, surgical procedure performed, complications and time of evolution of the disease. Results: patients over 60 years of age and male sex constituted 79 % of the total number of patients. All 19 patients manifested pain, abdominal distension and tympanism, while vomiting occurred in 16 cases. The most commonly used surgical procedure was termino-terminal resection and anastomosis. Some type of complication occurred in 57,9 % of the patients, with surgical site infection being the most frequent. The average complication occurred in patients with approximately 3 days of evolution. Conclusions: in patients over 60 years of age, male, treated for mechanical bowel occlusion, the cause was sigmoid volvulus, where pain, abdominal distension and tympanism were common clinical manifestations. The predominant type of operation was sigmoidectomy plus primary anastomosis; the most frequent postoperative complication was surgical site infection and most complications occurred within the first 3 days.

Keywords

• cirugía general
• colon sigmoide
• colostomía
• complicaciones posoperatorias
• vólvulo intestinal.