A Comprehensive Analysis Using Colorimetry, Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry and Bioassays for the Assessment of Indole Related Compounds Produced by Endophytes of Selected Wheat Cultivars
Agnieszka Kuźniar,
Kinga Włodarczyk,
Ilona Sadok,
Magdalena Staniszewska,
Małgorzata Woźniak,
Karolina Furtak,
Jarosław Grządziel,
Anna Gałązka,
Ewa Skórzyńska-Polit,
Agnieszka Wolińska
Affiliations
Agnieszka Kuźniar
Department of Biology and Biotechnology of Microorganisms, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, 1I Konstantynów Str., 20-708 Lublin, Poland
Kinga Włodarczyk
Department of Biology and Biotechnology of Microorganisms, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, 1I Konstantynów Str., 20-708 Lublin, Poland
Ilona Sadok
Laboratory of Separation and Spectroscopic Method Applications, Centre for Interdisciplinary Research, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, 1J Konstantynów Str., 20-708 Lublin, Poland
Magdalena Staniszewska
Laboratory of Separation and Spectroscopic Method Applications, Centre for Interdisciplinary Research, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, 1J Konstantynów Str., 20-708 Lublin, Poland
Małgorzata Woźniak
Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation State Research Institute, 8 Czartoryskich Str., 24-100 Puławy, Poland
Karolina Furtak
Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation State Research Institute, 8 Czartoryskich Str., 24-100 Puławy, Poland
Jarosław Grządziel
Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation State Research Institute, 8 Czartoryskich Str., 24-100 Puławy, Poland
Anna Gałązka
Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation State Research Institute, 8 Czartoryskich Str., 24-100 Puławy, Poland
Ewa Skórzyńska-Polit
Department of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, 1I Konstantynów Str., 20-708 Lublin, Poland
Agnieszka Wolińska
Department of Biology and Biotechnology of Microorganisms, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, 1I Konstantynów Str., 20-708 Lublin, Poland
Liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS), colorimetry, and bioassays were employed for the evaluation of the ability of endophytic bacterial strains to synthesize indole-related compounds (IRCs) and in particular indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). A total of 54 endophytic strains belonging to seven bacterial genera isolated from tissues of common and spelt wheat cultivars were studied. The endophytic bacteria isolated from different tissues of the tested wheat types were capable of IRCs production, including IAA, which constituted from 1.75% to 52.68% of all IRCs, in in vitro conditions via the tryptophan dependent pathway. The selected post-culture medium was also examined using a plant bioassay. Substantial growth of wheat coleoptile segments treated with the bacterial post-culture medium was observed in several cases. Our data suggest that the studied endophytic bacteria produce auxin-type compounds to support plant development. Summarizing, our approach to use three complementary methods for estimation of IRCs in different endophytic strains provides a comprehensive picture of their effect on wheat growth.
