Energy Hub Management considering Demand Response, Distributed Generation, and Electric Vehicle Charging Station

Abstract

Multicarrier energy systems have systematic flexibility for energy and load management. The integration of different types of energy under the title “energy hub” (EH) in multiple energy infrastructures such as electricity, natural gas, and heat in an integrated manner will meet demand at a lower cost. On the other hand, the desire for distributed generation (DG) systems has increased due to their many economic and technical advantages, as well as the technical development of these units and the reduction of environmental pollution. In this paper, a proposed EH system is optimized in terms of cost using linear programming, considering transformer converters, combined heat and power (CHP), heat exchangers, and energy storage, including electric vehicle charging stations (EVCSs) and heat storage. In this regard, four proposed scenarios are defined and evaluated from the aspect of cost in order to mitigate load shedding while considering uncertainty in order to bring the problem closer to reality. The results show that the total cost in scenarios 1, 2, and 3 (the best case) is reduced by 15.47%, 26.29%, and 27.93% compared to Scenario 0 (the base case), and Scenario 3 is the most economical possible case. This method can be a suitable tool for energy hub management, especially for solving possible load shedding.