Journal of the American Heart Association: Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease (Jan 2019)

Time Course of Ischemic and Bleeding Burden in Elderly Patients With Acute Coronary Syndromes Randomized to Low‐Dose Prasugrel or Clopidogrel

  • Gabriele Crimi,
  • Nuccia Morici,
  • Maurizio Ferrario,
  • Luca A. Ferri,
  • Luigi Piatti,
  • Daniele Grosseto,
  • Michele Cacucci,
  • Alessandro Mandurino Mirizzi,
  • Anna Toso,
  • Federico Piscione,
  • Marco De Carlo,
  • Luigi Raffaele Elia,
  • Bruno Trimarco,
  • Leonardo Bolognese,
  • Francesco M. Bovenzi,
  • Giuseppe De Luca,
  • Stefano Savonitto,
  • Stefano De Servi

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1161/JAHA.118.010956
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 8, no. 2

Abstract

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Background Elderly patients have high ischemic and bleeding rates after acute coronary syndrome; however, the occurrence of these complications over time has never been studied. This study sought to characterize average daily ischemic rates (ADIRs) and average daily bleeding rates (ADBRs) over 1 year in patients aged >74 years with acute coronary syndrome undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention who were randomized in the Elderly ACS 2 trial, comparing low‐dose prasugrel (5 mg daily) with clopidogrel (75 mg daily). Methods and Results ADIRs and ADBRs were calculated as the total number of events, including recurrent events, divided by the number of patient‐days of follow‐up and assessed within different clinical phases: acute (0–3 days), subacute (4–30 days), and late (31–365 days). Generalized estimating equations were used to test the least squares mean differences for the pairwise comparisons of ADIRs and ADBRs and the pairwise comparison of clopidogrel versus prasugrel effects. Globally, ADIRs were 2.6 times (95% CI, 2.4–2.9) higher than ADBRs. ADIRs were significantly higher in the clopidogrel arm than in the low‐dose prasugrel arm in the subacute phase (Padj<0.001) without a difference in ADBRs (Padj=0.35). In the late phase, ADIRs remained significantly higher with clopidogrel (Padj<0.001), whereas ADBRs were significantly higher with low‐dose prasugrel (Padj<0.001). Conclusions Ischemic burden was greater than bleeding burden in all clinical phases of 1‐year follow‐up of elderly patients with acute coronary syndrome treated with percutaneous coronary intervention. Low‐dose prasugrel reduced ischemic events in the subacute and chronic phases compared with clopidogrel, whereas bleeding burden was lower with clopidogrel in the late phase. Clinical Trial Registration URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT01777503.

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