Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and microaxial left ventricular assist device in cardiogenic shock: Choosing the right mechanical circulatory support to improve outcomesCentral MessagePerspective
Olina Dagher, MD,
Pierre-Emmanuel Noly, MD, PhD,
Walid Ben Ali, MD, PhD,
Nadia Bouabdallaoui, MD, PhD,
Lucian Geicu, MD,
Roxanne Lamanna,
Pavan Malhi, BScN,
Elizabeth Romero,
Anique Ducharme, MD, MSc,
Philippe Demers, MD, MSc,
Yoan Lamarche, MD, MSc
Affiliations
Olina Dagher, MD
Department of Surgery, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Cardiac Sciences, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
Pierre-Emmanuel Noly, MD, PhD
Department of Surgery, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
Walid Ben Ali, MD, PhD
Department of Surgery, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
Nadia Bouabdallaoui, MD, PhD
Université de Montréal and Department of Cardiology, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
Lucian Geicu, MD
Department of Surgery, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
Roxanne Lamanna
Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
Pavan Malhi, BScN
Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
Elizabeth Romero
Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
Anique Ducharme, MD, MSc
Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Université de Montréal and Department of Cardiology, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
Philippe Demers, MD, MSc
Department of Surgery, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
Yoan Lamarche, MD, MSc
Department of Surgery, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Address for reprints: Yoan Lamarche, MD, MSc, 5000 rue Bélanger Est, Montréal, Quebec, H1T 1C8, Canada.
Objective: To evaluate the outcomes of patients supported with Impella (CP/5.0) or venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) for cardiogenic shock according to shock phenotype. The primary end point was 30-day survival. Methods: A retrospective study of patients supported with Impella (CP/5.0) or VA-ECMO between 2010 and 2020 was performed. Patients were grouped according to 1 of 2 shock phenotypes: isolated left ventricular (LV) dysfunction versus biventricular dysfunction or multiple organ failure (MOF). The local practice favors Impella for isolated LV dysfunction and VA-ECMO for biventricular dysfunction or MOF. Results: Among the 75 patients included, 17 (23%) had isolated LV dysfunction. Patients with biventricular dysfunction or MOF had a greater median lactate level compared with those with isolated LV dysfunction (7.9 [2.9-11.8] vs 3.8 [1.1-5.8] mmol/L, respectively). Among patients with isolated LV dysfunction, 30-day survival was 46% for the Impella group (n = 13) and 75% for VA-ECMO (n = 4). Among patients with biventricular dysfunction or MOF, 30-day survival was 9% for the Impella group (n = 11) and 28% for VA-ECMO (n = 47). Patients supported with Impella 5.0 had better 30-day survival compared with those supported with Impella CP, for both shock phenotypes (83% vs 14% and 14% vs 0%, respectively). Conclusions: In this small cohort, patients supported with Impella for isolated LV dysfunction and VA-ECMO for biventricular dysfunction or MOF had acceptable survival at 30 days. Patients with biventricular dysfunction or MOF who were supported by Impella had the lowest survival rates. Patients with isolated LV dysfunction who were supported with VA-ECMO had good 30-day survival.
