MODERN VIEW ON TRACHEOSTOMY

Abstract

Aim - optimization of postoperative period in tracheostomy patients. Materials. Since 2016 we have followed up 48 patients with stenosis of the larynx and trachea of various etiologies, all the patients underwent urgent tracheostomy. Methods. It is necessary to adhere to the following principles: to carry out correction of psychoemotional status; to educate the patients how to take care and change the trachea cannula themselves; to use antitussive drugs in the absence of severe concomitant pathology of the lower respiratory tract; to perform moistening of the mucous membrane by instilling physiological solution into the trachea or using moistened gauze aprons; to use a humidifier in the room; in case of erosive tracheitis - to apply instillation of antiseptic solutions and hormonal preparations. Results. In patients who regularly follow these recommendations, the risk of postoperative complications (erosive tracheitis, cicatricial tracheal stenosis and respiratory failure) is much lower.

Keywords

• tracheostomy
• postoperative period
• erosive tracheitis