Effect of tender coconut water on systolic and diastolic blood pressure in prehypertensive women

Abstract

AbstrakLatar belakang: Insiden prehipertensi di Indonesia dimulai sejak usia dewasa muda. Salah satu faktor risiko prehipertensi adalah asupan kalium rendah. Asupan makanan kalium tinggi akan menurunkan tekanan darah (TD). Air kelapa muda segar adalah khas minuman tinggi kalium. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh air kelapa muda segar terhadap tekanan darah prehipertensi wanita. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian acak tersamar tunggal di antara 32 subjek perempuan berusia 25-44 tahun. Subjek dibagi menjadi dua kelompak masing-masing terdiri dari 16 subjek. Kelompok perlakuan diberi air kelapa muda segar 300 ml dua kali sehari selama 14 hari dan konseling gizi, sedangkan kelompok kontrol diberi air 300 ml dua kali sehari selama 14 hari dan konseling gizi. Penilaian tekanan darah dilakukan pada hari 0, hari ke-8, dan hari ke-15. Analisis statistik menggunakan t-test dan test Mann-Whitney. Hasil: Rerata asupan kalium sebanyak 1420,28 ± 405,54 mg / hari atau 30,22 ± 8,63% dibandingkan dengan Recomendasi Diet Indonesia 2004. Selama masa penelitian, asupan kalium meningkat secara signifikan pada kelompok perlakuan. Di samping itu terdapat penurunan tekanan darah pada kedua kelompok, dan yang lebih besar terjadi pada kelompok perlakuan tetapi tidak signifikan secara statistik (P > 0,05). Ratarata penurunan yang signifikan terhadap tekanan darah sistolik pada kelompok perlakuan (P = 0,031), sementara penurunan tekanan diastolik tidak menunjukkan perubahan yang signifikan (P=0.134) Kesimpulan: Air kelapa muda segar 300 ml dua kali sehari selama 14 hari berturut-turut cenderung menurunkan tekanan darah sistolik, tetapi tidak terhadap tekanan darah diastolik. (Health Science Indones 2013;2:64-8)Kata kunci:air kelapa muda segar, tekanan darah, sistolik dan diastolikAbstractBackground: The incident of prehypertension in Indonesia has started since young adulthood. One of the risk factors of prehypertension is low potassium intake. Dietary intakes of high potassium will decrease blood pressure (BP). Tender coconut water (TCW) is a typical drink high in potassium. This study aimed to investigate the effect of TCW on BP in female teachers and employees prehypertension. Methods: The research was a parallel single blind randomized clinical trial. A total of 32 female prehypertension subjects aged 25-44 years. The subjects were selected using certain criteria and randomly allocated to one of two groups using block randomized, 16 subjects each. The treatment group received TCW 300 ml twice daily for 14 days and nutritional counseling, and the control group received water 300 ml twice daily for 14 days and nutritional counseling. Assessment of BP was done on day 0, day 8, and day 15. Statistical analysis were done using t-test and Mann-Whitney test. Results: Mean dietary intakes of potassium were 1420.28±405.54 mg/day or 30.22±8.63% compared to Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA). During treatment period, potassium intake increased significantly in the treatment group. There were decreased BP in both groups, which were greater in the treatment group, but not statistically significant different (P > 0.05). The mean decrease of systolic BP was significant in treatment group (P = 0.031), meanwhile the mean decrease of diastolic BP was not significant (P=0.134). Conclusion: Tender coconut water 300 ml twice daily for 14 consecutive days has tendency to decrease systolic BP, but not diastolic blood pressure. (Health Science Indones 2013;2: 64-8)Key words: coconut water, systolic and diastolic blood pressure

Keywords

• coconut water, systolic and diastolic blood pressure