Metabolomics—A Tool to Find Metabolism of Endocrine Cancer
Raziyeh Abooshahab,
Hamidreza Ardalani,
Maryam Zarkesh,
Koroush Hooshmand,
Ali Bakhshi,
Crispin R. Dass,
Mehdi Hedayati
Affiliations
Raziyeh Abooshahab
Cellular and Molecular Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran P.O. Box 19395-4763, Iran
Hamidreza Ardalani
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
Maryam Zarkesh
Cellular and Molecular Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran P.O. Box 19395-4763, Iran
Koroush Hooshmand
System Medicine, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, 2730 Herlev, Denmark
Ali Bakhshi
Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Yazd P.O. Box 8915173160, Iran
Crispin R. Dass
Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Australia
Mehdi Hedayati
Cellular and Molecular Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran P.O. Box 19395-4763, Iran
Clinical endocrinology entails an understanding of the mechanisms involved in the regulation of tumors that occur in the endocrine system. The exact cause of endocrine cancers remains an enigma, especially when discriminating malignant lesions from benign ones and early diagnosis. In the past few years, the concepts of personalized medicine and metabolomics have gained great popularity in cancer research. In this systematic review, we discussed the clinical metabolomics studies in the diagnosis of endocrine cancers within the last 12 years. Cancer metabolomic studies were largely conducted using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and mass spectrometry (MS) combined with separation techniques such as gas chromatography (GC) and liquid chromatography (LC). Our findings revealed that the majority of the metabolomics studies were conducted on tissue, serum/plasma, and urine samples. Studies most frequently emphasized thyroid cancer, adrenal cancer, and pituitary cancer. Altogether, analytical hyphenated techniques and chemometrics are promising tools in unveiling biomarkers in endocrine cancer and its metabolism disorders.
