Predictive ability of anthropometric indices for risk of developing metabolic syndrome: a cross-sectional study

Abstract

Objective To determine the discriminatory ability of different anthropometric indicators of body fat percentage for diagnosing metabolic syndrome (MetS) in a Peruvian sample. Methods This was a cross-sectional, non-experimental, diagnostic accuracy study. Anthropometric and biochemical data for 948 participants were analyzed. Waist circumference (WC), body mass index, relative fat mass (RFM), conicity index, body roundness index (BRI), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), and A Body Shape Index were assessed for their MetS discriminatory ability. The National Cholesterol Education Program’s Adult Treatment Panel III criteria were used to diagnose MetS. Receiver operating characteristic curves and area under the curve (AUC) were used to determine the predictive power of each anthropometric measurement to diagnose MetS. Results In both sexes, RFM, BRI, and WHtR showed the same predictive ability to diagnose MetS. In women, indicators incorporating WC showed high discriminatory ability: RFM, BRI, and WHtR (all AUC: 0.869, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.828–0.910). In men, WC had the highest AUC (0.829, 95% CI: 0.793–0.866). Conclusions In both sexes, RFM, WC, BRI, and WHtR were the best predictors of MetS diagnosis. This is the first study to identify RFM as a potentially useful clinical predictor of MetS in a Peruvian sample of educational workers.