International Journal of Nanomedicine (Jul 2023)
The Current Progress of Tetrahedral DNA Nanostructure for Antibacterial Application and Bone Tissue Regeneration
Abstract
Shebin Hong,1– 3,* Weidong Jiang,1– 3,* Qinfeng Ding,1– 3,* Kaili Lin,1– 3 Cancan Zhao,1– 3 Xudong Wang1– 3 1Department of Oral & Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; 2College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; 3National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Xudong Wang; Cancan Zhao, Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 639, Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-21-23271699, Fax +86-21-63136856, Email [email protected]; [email protected]: Recently, programmable assembly technologies have enabled the application of DNA in the creation of new nanomaterials with unprecedented functionality. One of the most common DNA nanostructures is the tetrahedral DNA nanostructure (TDN), which has attracted great interest worldwide due to its high stability, simple assembly procedure, high predictability, perfect programmability, and excellent biocompatibility. The unique spatial structure of TDN allows it to penetrate cell membranes in abundance and regulate cellular biological properties as a natural genetic material. Previous studies have demonstrated that TDNs can regulate various cellular biological properties, including promoting cells proliferation, migration and differentiation, inhibiting cells apoptosis, as well as possessing anti-inflammation and immunomodulatory capabilities. Furthermore, functional molecules can be easily modified at the vertices of DNA tetrahedron, DNA double helix structure, DNA tetrahedral arms or DNA tetrahedral cage structure, enabling TDN to be used as a nanocarrier for a variety of biological applications, including targeted therapies, molecular diagnosis, biosensing, antibacterial treatment, antitumor strategies, and tissue regeneration. In this review, we mainly focus on the current progress of TDN-based nanomaterials for antimicrobial applications, bone and cartilage tissue repair and regeneration. The synthesis and characterization of TDN, as well as the biological merits are introduced. In addition, the challenges and prospects of TDN-based nanomaterials are also discussed.Graphical Abstract: Keywords: tetrahedral DNA nanostructure, carriers, antibacterial treatment, bone regeneration, cartilage regeneration
