Journal of High Energy Physics (May 2025)
Search for double beta decay of 136Xe to the 0 1 + $$ {0}_1^{+} $$ excited state of 136Ba with PandaX-4T
- The PandaX collaboration,
- Lingyin Luo,
- Zihao Bo,
- Wei Chen,
- Xun Chen,
- Yunhua Chen,
- Zhaokan Cheng,
- Xiangyi Cui,
- Yingjie Fan,
- Deqing Fang,
- Zhixing Gao,
- Lisheng Geng,
- Karl Giboni,
- Xunan Guo,
- Xuyuan Guo,
- Zichao Guo,
- Chencheng Han,
- Ke Han,
- Changda He,
- Jinrong He,
- Di Huang,
- Houqi Huang,
- Junting Huang,
- Ruquan Hou,
- Yu Hou,
- Xiangdong Ji,
- Xiangpan Ji,
- Yonglin Ju,
- Chenxiang Li,
- Tao Li,
- Jiafu Li,
- Mingchuan Li,
- Shuaijie Li,
- Zhiyuan Li,
- Qing Lin,
- Jianglai Liu,
- Congcong Lu,
- Xiaoying Lu,
- Yunyang Luo,
- Wenbo Ma,
- Yugang Ma,
- Yajun Mao,
- Yue Meng,
- Xuyang Ning,
- Binyu Pang,
- Ningchun Qi,
- Zhicheng Qian,
- Xiangxiang Ren,
- Dong Shan,
- Xiaofeng Shang,
- Xiyuan Shao,
- Guofang Shen,
- Manbin Shen,
- Wenliang Sun,
- Yi Tao,
- Anqing Wang,
- Guanbo Wang,
- Hao Wang,
- Jiamin Wang,
- Lei Wang,
- Meng Wang,
- Qiuhong Wang,
- Shaobo Wang,
- Siguang Wang,
- Wei Wang,
- Xiuli Wang,
- Xu Wang,
- Zhou Wang,
- Yuehuan Wei,
- Weihao Wu,
- Yuan Wu,
- Mengjiao Xiao,
- Xiang Xiao,
- Kaizhi Xiong,
- Yifan Xu,
- Shunyu Yao,
- Binbin Yan,
- Xiyu Yan,
- Yong Yang,
- Peihua Ye,
- Chunxu Yu,
- Ying Yuan,
- Zhe Yuan,
- Youhui Yun,
- Xinning Zeng,
- Minzhen Zhang,
- Peng Zhang,
- Shibo Zhang,
- Shu Zhang,
- Tao Zhang,
- Wei Zhang,
- Yang Zhang,
- Yingxin Zhang,
- Yuanyuan Zhang,
- Li Zhao,
- Jifang Zhou,
- Jiaxu Zhou,
- Ning Zhou,
- Xiaopeng Zhou,
- Yubo Zhou,
- Zhizhen Zhou
Affiliations
- The PandaX collaboration
- Lingyin Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, School of Physics, Peking University
- Zihao Bo
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (MoE), Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology
- Wei Chen
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (MoE), Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology
- Xun Chen
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (MoE), Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology
- Yunhua Chen
- Yalong River Hydropower Development Company, Ltd.
- Zhaokan Cheng
- Sino-French Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University
- Xiangyi Cui
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Tsung-Dao Lee Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Yingjie Fan
- Department of Physics, Yantai University
- Deqing Fang
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Ion-beam Application (MOE), Institute of Modern Physics, Fudan University
- Zhixing Gao
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (MoE), Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology
- Lisheng Geng
- School of Physics, Beihang University
- Karl Giboni
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (MoE), Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology
- Xunan Guo
- School of Physics, Beihang University
- Xuyuan Guo
- Yalong River Hydropower Development Company, Ltd.
- Zichao Guo
- School of Physics, Beihang University
- Chencheng Han
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Tsung-Dao Lee Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Ke Han
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (MoE), Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology
- Changda He
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (MoE), Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology
- Jinrong He
- Yalong River Hydropower Development Company, Ltd.
- Di Huang
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (MoE), Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology
- Houqi Huang
- SJTU Paris Elite Institute of Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Junting Huang
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (MoE), Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology
- Ruquan Hou
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University Sichuan Research Institute
- Yu Hou
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Xiangdong Ji
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland
- Xiangpan Ji
- School of Physics, Nankai University
- Yonglin Ju
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Chenxiang Li
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (MoE), Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology
- Tao Li
- SJTU Paris Elite Institute of Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Jiafu Li
- Department of Physics, Yantai University
- Mingchuan Li
- Yalong River Hydropower Development Company, Ltd.
- Shuaijie Li
- Yalong River Hydropower Development Company, Ltd.
- Zhiyuan Li
- Sino-French Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University
- Qing Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, University of Science and Technology of China
- Jianglai Liu
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (MoE), Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology
- Congcong Lu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Xiaoying Lu
- Research Center for Particle Science and Technology, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University
- Yunyang Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, University of Science and Technology of China
- Wenbo Ma
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (MoE), Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology
- Yugang Ma
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Ion-beam Application (MOE), Institute of Modern Physics, Fudan University
- Yajun Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, School of Physics, Peking University
- Yue Meng
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (MoE), Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology
- Xuyang Ning
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (MoE), Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology
- Binyu Pang
- Research Center for Particle Science and Technology, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University
- Ningchun Qi
- Yalong River Hydropower Development Company, Ltd.
- Zhicheng Qian
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (MoE), Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology
- Xiangxiang Ren
- Research Center for Particle Science and Technology, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University
- Dong Shan
- School of Physics, Nankai University
- Xiaofeng Shang
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (MoE), Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology
- Xiyuan Shao
- School of Physics, Nankai University
- Guofang Shen
- School of Physics, Beihang University
- Manbin Shen
- Yalong River Hydropower Development Company, Ltd.
- Wenliang Sun
- Yalong River Hydropower Development Company, Ltd.
- Yi Tao
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (MoE), Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology
- Anqing Wang
- Research Center for Particle Science and Technology, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University
- Guanbo Wang
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (MoE), Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology
- Hao Wang
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (MoE), Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology
- Jiamin Wang
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Tsung-Dao Lee Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Lei Wang
- College of Nuclear Technology and Automation Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology
- Meng Wang
- Research Center for Particle Science and Technology, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University
- Qiuhong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Ion-beam Application (MOE), Institute of Modern Physics, Fudan University
- Shaobo Wang
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (MoE), Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology
- Siguang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, School of Physics, Peking University
- Wei Wang
- Sino-French Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University
- Xiuli Wang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Xu Wang
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Tsung-Dao Lee Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Zhou Wang
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (MoE), Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology
- Yuehuan Wei
- Sino-French Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University
- Weihao Wu
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (MoE), Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology
- Yuan Wu
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (MoE), Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology
- Mengjiao Xiao
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (MoE), Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology
- Xiang Xiao
- School of Physics, Sun Yat-Sen University
- Kaizhi Xiong
- Yalong River Hydropower Development Company, Ltd.
- Yifan Xu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shunyu Yao
- SJTU Paris Elite Institute of Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Binbin Yan
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (MoE), Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology
- Xiyu Yan
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Sun Yat-Sen University
- Yong Yang
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (MoE), Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology
- Peihua Ye
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (MoE), Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology
- Chunxu Yu
- School of Physics, Nankai University
- Ying Yuan
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (MoE), Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology
- Zhe Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Ion-beam Application (MOE), Institute of Modern Physics, Fudan University
- Youhui Yun
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (MoE), Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology
- Xinning Zeng
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (MoE), Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology
- Minzhen Zhang
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (MoE), Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology
- Peng Zhang
- Yalong River Hydropower Development Company, Ltd.
- Shibo Zhang
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (MoE), Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology
- Shu Zhang
- School of Physics, Sun Yat-Sen University
- Tao Zhang
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (MoE), Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology
- Wei Zhang
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (MoE), Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology
- Yang Zhang
- Research Center for Particle Science and Technology, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University
- Yingxin Zhang
- Research Center for Particle Science and Technology, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University
- Yuanyuan Zhang
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (MoE), Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology
- Li Zhao
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (MoE), Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology
- Jifang Zhou
- Yalong River Hydropower Development Company, Ltd.
- Jiaxu Zhou
- SJTU Paris Elite Institute of Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Ning Zhou
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (MoE), Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology
- Xiaopeng Zhou
- School of Physics, Beihang University
- Yubo Zhou
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (MoE), Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology
- Zhizhen Zhou
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (MoE), Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP05(2025)089
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 2025,
no. 5
pp. 1 – 20
Abstract
Abstract We perform a search of double beta decay of 136Xe to the excited state, 0 1 + $$ {0}_1^{+} $$ , of 136Ba (2νββ- 0 1 + $$ {0}_1^{+} $$ ), using the dual-phase xenon detector of PandaX-4T with the first 94.9-day commissioning data. The multi-site events are reconstructed up to the MeV energy scale, which helps to improve the background model significantly. The background contribution from the stainless steel platform outside PandaX-4T cryostat is evaluated for the first time. No significant evidence for 2νββ- 0 1 + $$ {0}_1^{+} $$ is observed, resulting in a lower limit on half-life of 7.5 × 1022 yr at the 90% confidence level. This is the first experimental limit on such a rare decay in a natural xenon-based detector.
Keywords
