Education and home training in an aristocratic family in the mid-19th century: a case study of count S. D. Sheremetev
Abstract
Education system S.D. Sheremetev was formed according to the established pattern adopted in noble families in the 40s and 50s. XIX century. It included education in basic disciplines, primarily in the humanities, as well as military training. Exceptional attention was paid to studying foreign languages with their native speakers, this made it possible to master them perfectly. Education involved, first of all, honing discipline and behavior that was normative for the noble class. A mandatory component of personality development was church education, which included regular attendance at church services and observance of church sacraments. From childhood, aesthetic tastes and ideas about beauty were instilled. However, this aspect of upbringing was uneven. If the closest attention was paid to reading fiction and musical classes (at least introductory), then painting, architecture, and theater were left to the discretion of families, and not all parents considered it necessary to introduce their children to these types of art. The most important area of education was class socialization, which involved teaching children from a very early age to behavior that was normative among the nobility and compliance with certain rules that were considered standard. All this instead made it possible to form, approximately in the middle of the second decade of life, a rather integral personality, an example of which was Count S.D. Sheremetev.
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