Response and disease resistance evaluation of sorghum seedlings under anthracnose stress

Songshu Chen; Zhi Zhao; Xiaojuan Liu; Kuiyin Li; Muhammad Arif; Beiju Zhang; Lili Dong; Rui Wang; Mingjian Ren; Xin Xie

doi:10.1038/s41598-024-70088-0

Scientific Reports (Sep 2024)

Response and disease resistance evaluation of sorghum seedlings under anthracnose stress

Songshu Chen,
Zhi Zhao,
Xiaojuan Liu,
Kuiyin Li,
Muhammad Arif,
Beiju Zhang,
Lili Dong,
Rui Wang,
Mingjian Ren,
Xin Xie

Affiliations

Songshu Chen: Guizhou Branch of National Wheat Improvement Center, Guizhou Key Laboratory of Propagation and Cultivation On Medicinal Plants, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University
Zhi Zhao: Guizhou Branch of National Wheat Improvement Center, Guizhou Key Laboratory of Propagation and Cultivation On Medicinal Plants, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University
Xiaojuan Liu: Guizhou Branch of National Wheat Improvement Center, Guizhou Key Laboratory of Propagation and Cultivation On Medicinal Plants, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University
Kuiyin Li: Guizhou Branch of National Wheat Improvement Center, Guizhou Key Laboratory of Propagation and Cultivation On Medicinal Plants, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University
Muhammad Arif: Guizhou Branch of National Wheat Improvement Center, Guizhou Key Laboratory of Propagation and Cultivation On Medicinal Plants, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University
Beiju Zhang: Guizhou Branch of National Wheat Improvement Center, Guizhou Key Laboratory of Propagation and Cultivation On Medicinal Plants, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University
Lili Dong: Guizhou Branch of National Wheat Improvement Center, Guizhou Key Laboratory of Propagation and Cultivation On Medicinal Plants, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University
Rui Wang: Guizhou Branch of National Wheat Improvement Center, Guizhou Key Laboratory of Propagation and Cultivation On Medicinal Plants, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University
Mingjian Ren: Guizhou Branch of National Wheat Improvement Center, Guizhou Key Laboratory of Propagation and Cultivation On Medicinal Plants, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University
Xin Xie: Guizhou Branch of National Wheat Improvement Center, Guizhou Key Laboratory of Propagation and Cultivation On Medicinal Plants, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-70088-0
Journal volume & issue: Vol. 14, no. 1
pp. 1 – 15

Abstract

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Abstract Sorghum is the world’s fifth-largest cereal crop, and anthracnose (Colletotrichum sublineola) is the main disease affecting sorghum. However, systematic research on the cellular structure, physiological and biochemical, and genes related to anthracnose resistance and disease resistance evaluation in sorghum is lacking in the field. Upon inoculation with anthracnose (C. sublineola) spores, disease-resistant sorghum (gz93) developed a relative lesion area (RLA) that was significantly smaller than that of the disease-susceptible sorghum (gz234). The leaf thickness, length and profile area of leaf mesophyll cells, upper and lower epidermal cells decreased in the lesion area, with a greater reduction observed in gz234 than in gz93. The damage caused by C. sublineola resulted in a greater decrease in the net photosynthetic rate (Pn) in gz234 than in gz93, with early-stage reduction due to stomatal limitation and late-stage reduction caused by lesions. Overall, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), the content of proline (Pro), abscisic acid (ABA), jasmonic acid (JA), salicylic acid (SA), and gibberellic acid (GA3), are higher in gz93 than in gz234 and may be positively correlated with disease resistance. While malondialdehyde (MDA) may be negatively correlated with disease resistance. Disease-resistant genes are significantly overexpressed in gz93, with significant expression changes in gz234, which is related to disease resistance in sorghum. Correlation analysis indicates that GA3, MDA, peroxidase (POD), and disease-resistance genes can serve as reference indicators for disease severity. The regression equation RLA = 0.029 + 8.02 × 10−6 JA–0.016 GA3 can predict and explain RLA. Principal component analysis (PCA), with the top 5 principal components for physiological and biochemical indicators and the top 2 principal components for disease-resistant genes, can explain 82.37% and 89.11% of their total variance, reducing the number of evaluation indicators. This study provides a basis for research on the mechanisms and breeding of sorghum with resistance to anthracnose.

Published in Scientific Reports

ISSN: 2045-2322 (Online)
Publisher: Nature Portfolio
Country of publisher: United Kingdom
LCC subjects: Medicine; Science
Website: https://www.nature.com/srep/

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