Spin-exchange relaxation-free magnetometer enhanced by biased weak measurement

Abstract

In quantum metrology researching, weak measurement has been widely applied in many aspects, providing weak-value amplification and noise suppressing ability. Recently, several modified schemes of weak measurement have been proposed, such as inverse, almost-balanced, and biased weak measurement. In this study, we enhance a spin-exchange relaxation-free (SERF) magnetometer using the biased weak measurement metrology technique. We establish and simulate a biased weak measurement (BWM)-enhanced SERF magnetometer model. By adjusting the pre-coupling process and analyzing the Fisher information, higher sensitivity to magnetic fields is verified in this study. 0.003 fT can be achieved through adjusting pre-coupling process and extinction ratio, which is higher than the best sensitivity of SERF magnetometer in existence. Our work paves the way for embedding weak measurement techniques into atomic magnetometer sensors and greatly improving their sensitivity.

Keywords

• Instruments and instrumentation SERF
• Magnetometer
• Weak amplify
• Biased weak measurement
• Pumping effect
• Probe system