Hemostasis functioning in neonates: normal condition and condition in preeclampsia (literature review)

Abstract

E.Yu. Yupatov1,2, T.E. Kurmanbaev3, I.G. Mustafin4, R.M. Nabiullina4, N.A. Safina4, E.V. Frederiks5, M.D. Leonova5, A.T. Khaertdinov2, N.I. Fattakhova2, V.D. Starikova4 1Kazan State Medical Academy — Branch of the Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Kazan, Russian Federation 2Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russian Federation 3S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation 4Kazan State Medical University, Kazan, Russian Federation 5Maternity Hospital No. 13, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation Preeclampsia is one of the so-called major obstetrical syndromes and a cause of maternal and neonatal morbidity worldwide. In addition, preeclampsia increases the risk of maternal and neonatal cardiovascular disorders and cerebrovascular diseases in the future. During pregnancy, the pregnant mother undergoes significant changes in the functions of various organ systems to accommodate the developing fetus. The onset of preeclampsia can cause dysfunction of multiple organs and systems, including the homeostasis system. Its dysfunction is associated with the most serious thrombohemorrhagic complications (premature detachment of normally situated placenta, thrombosis, embolism, and bleeding). It is important to understand the relationship between the maternal and fetal homeostasis system functioning. The homeostasis system functioning in the fetus and newborn infant has specific characteristics expressed not only in the quantitative composition and the level of activity of its main links, but also in the qualitastive composition, as well as in the functioning mechanisms which differ from those in adults. The above specific characteristics help to achieve an important balance in the homeostasis system functioning. Preeclampsia, associated conditions and complications can disturb the existing balance and homeostasis system functioning in the fetus and newborn infant with the development of thrombohemorrhagic complications. Keywords: homeostasis system, newborn infants, preeclampsia, specific characteristics of functioning, preterm newborn infants, pregnancy. For citation: Yupatov E.Yu., Kurmanbaev T.E., Mustafin I.G. et al. Hemostasis functioning in neonates: normal condition and condition in preeclampsia (literature review). Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2023;6(2):199–205 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2023-6-2-199-205.