OncoTargets and Therapy (May 2019)

Nicotine promotes cervical metastasis of oral cancer by regulating peroxiredoxin 1 and epithelial–mesenchymal transition in mice

  • Wang M,
  • Niu W,
  • Qi M,
  • Chen H,
  • Zhang M,
  • Wang C,
  • Ge L,
  • Yang J,
  • Miao C,
  • Shi N,
  • Chen T,
  • Tang X

Journal volume & issue
Vol. Volume 12
pp. 3327 – 3338

Abstract

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Min Wang,1 Wenwen Niu,2 Moci Qi,1 Hui Chen,1 Min Zhang,1 Chunxiao Wang,1 Lihua Ge,1 Jing Yang,1 Congcong Miao,1 Ni Shi,3 Tong Chen,3 Xiaofei Tang1 1Beijing Institute of Dental Research, Beijing Stomatological Hospital and School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, People’s Republic of China; 2Beijing Shibalidian Community Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 3Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA Background: Tobacco is a major risk factor for oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). However, the role of nicotine in OSCC is not completely understood. Materials and methods: To analyze the mechanisms of nicotine-induced cervical metastasis, we investigated whether nicotine induced invasion, migration, and epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) via regulating peroxiredoxin 1 (Prx1) in CAL 27 cells. In addition, we established a mouse model to confirm the roles of nicotine in regulating Ets1/Prx1/EMT signaling in OSCC metastasis. Results: We showed that nicotine induced CAL 27 cell invasion, migration, EMT, and Prx1 and Ets1 expression. Prx1 knockdown inhibited cell invasion, migration, and EMT. Ets1 silencing downregulated Prx1 expression and EMT. Prx1 and Ets1 were shown to interact in CAL 27 cells treated with nicotine, and nicotine could significantly upregulate the binding of the transcription factor Ets1 to the Prx1 gene promoter region. Additionally, an in vivo study showed that nicotine induced tumor metastasis and EMT. Prx1 knockdown inhibited cervical metastasis rates and EMT progression. No significant differences in metastasis rates and EMT-related marker expression levels were observed between vehicle- and nicotine-treated mice. Conclusion: The results indicate that nicotine promotes cervical lymph node metastasis through regulating Ets1/Prx1/EMT signaling during OSCC pathogenesis; consequently, Prx1 may represent a potential target for the prevention and treatment of OSCC. Keywords: oral squamous cell carcinoma, peroxiredoxin 1, metastasis, epithelial–mesenchymal transition, mouse model

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