High Temperature-Induced Spindle Destabilization Results in Aborted Pollen Production in <i>Populus</i>

Abstract

High temperature can induce the production of 2n gametes and aborted pollen during microsporogenesis in Populus canescens. However, the mechanism by which high temperature induces pollen abortion remains unknown. Here, pollen abortion was induced by exposing male flower buds of P. canescens to 38 and 41 °C; pollen morphology, meiotic abnormalities, defects of the meiotic microtubular cytoskeleton, and tapetum development were characterized. We found that the dominant meiotic stage, temperature, and duration of treatment significantly affected the percentage of high temperature-induced aborted pollen. Damaged spindle microtubules and depolymerized microtubular cytoskeletons were observed, which resulted in many lagging chromosomes at anaphase I and II as well as aneuploid male gametes and micronuclei, thereby generating aborted pollen grains. Tapetum disintegration was also delayed. The anther dehisced normally, and some viable pollen grains were released. However, no sufficient evidence showed that the delayed degradation of the tapetum was responsible for pollen abortion.

Keywords

• high temperature
• aborted pollen
• spindle
• microtubular cytoskeleton
• tapetum
• <i>Populus canescens</i>