The Astrophysical Journal (Jan 2024)
JWST NIRSpec High-resolution Spectroscopy of MACS0647–JD at z = 10.167: Resolved [O ii] Doublet and Electron Density in an Early Galaxy
- Abdurro’uf,
- Rebecca L. Larson,
- Dan Coe,
- Tiger Yu-Yang Hsiao,
- Javier Álvarez-Márquez,
- Alejandro Crespo Gómez,
- Angela Adamo,
- Rachana Bhatawdekar,
- Arjan Bik,
- Larry D. Bradley,
- Christopher J. Conselice,
- Pratika Dayal,
- Jose M. Diego,
- Seiji Fujimoto,
- Lukas J. Furtak,
- Taylor A. Hutchison,
- Intae Jung,
- Meghana Killi,
- Vasily Kokorev,
- Matilde Mingozzi,
- Colin Norman,
- Tom Resseguier,
- Massimo Ricotti,
- Jane R. Rigby,
- Eros Vanzella,
- Brian Welch,
- Rogier A. Windhorst,
- Xinfeng Xu,
- Adi Zitrin
Affiliations
- Abdurro’uf
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The Johns Hopkins University , 3400 N Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA ; [email protected]; Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI) , 3700 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
- Rebecca L. Larson
- ORCiD
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology , 84 Lomb Memorial Drive, Rochester, NY 14623, USA
- Dan Coe
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The Johns Hopkins University , 3400 N Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA ; [email protected]; Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI) , 3700 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (AURA), Inc. for the European Space Agency (ESA) , USA
- Tiger Yu-Yang Hsiao
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The Johns Hopkins University , 3400 N Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA ; [email protected]; Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI) , 3700 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
- Javier Álvarez-Márquez
- ORCiD
- Centro de Astrobiología (CAB) , CSIC-INTA, Ctra. de Ajalvir km 4, Torrejón de Ardoz, E-28850 Madrid, Spain
- Alejandro Crespo Gómez
- ORCiD
- Centro de Astrobiología (CAB) , CSIC-INTA, Ctra. de Ajalvir km 4, Torrejón de Ardoz, E-28850 Madrid, Spain
- Angela Adamo
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy, The Oskar Klein Centre, Stockholm University , AlbaNova, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
- Rachana Bhatawdekar
- ORCiD
- European Space Agency (ESA), European Space Astronomy Centre (ESAC) , Camino Bajo del Castillo s/n, 28692 Villanueva de la Cañada, Madrid, Spain
- Arjan Bik
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy, The Oskar Klein Centre, Stockholm University , AlbaNova, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
- Larry D. Bradley
- ORCiD
- Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI) , 3700 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
- Christopher J. Conselice
- ORCiD
- Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics, University of Manchester , Oxford Road, Manchester, UK
- Pratika Dayal
- ORCiD
- Kapteyn Astronomical Institute, University of Groningen , 9700 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
- Jose M. Diego
- ORCiD
- Instituto de Física de Cantabria, (CSIC-UC), Avda. Los Castros s/n, 39005 Santander, Spain
- Seiji Fujimoto
- ORCiD
- The University of Texas at Austin , Department of Astronomy, Austin, TX, USA
- Lukas J. Furtak
- ORCiD
- Physics Department, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev , P.O. Box 653, Be’er-Sheva 84105, Israel
- Taylor A. Hutchison
- ORCiD
- Observational Cosmology Lab, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center , Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA
- Intae Jung
- ORCiD
- Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI) , 3700 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
- Meghana Killi
- ORCiD
- Instituto de Estudios Astrofísicos, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad Diego Portales , Av. Ejército 441, Santiago 8370191, Chile
- Vasily Kokorev
- ORCiD
- Kapteyn Astronomical Institute, University of Groningen , 9700 AV Groningen, The Netherlands; The University of Texas at Austin , Department of Astronomy, Austin, TX, USA
- Matilde Mingozzi
- ORCiD
- Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI) , 3700 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
- Colin Norman
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The Johns Hopkins University , 3400 N Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA ; [email protected]; Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI) , 3700 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
- Tom Resseguier
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The Johns Hopkins University , 3400 N Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA ; [email protected]; Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI) , 3700 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
- Massimo Ricotti
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy, University of Maryland , College Park, 20742, USA
- Jane R. Rigby
- ORCiD
- Observational Cosmology Lab, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center , Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA
- Eros Vanzella
- ORCiD
- INAF—OAS, Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio di Bologna , via Gobetti 93/3, I-40129 Bologna, Italy
- Brian Welch
- ORCiD
- Observational Cosmology Lab, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center , Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA; Department of Astronomy, University of Maryland , College Park, 20742, USA
- Rogier A. Windhorst
- ORCiD
- School of Earth and Space Exploration, Arizona State University , Tempe, AZ 85287-1404, USA
- Xinfeng Xu
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
- Adi Zitrin
- ORCiD
- Physics Department, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev , P.O. Box 653, Be’er-Sheva 84105, Israel
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad6001
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 973,
no. 1
p. 47
Abstract
We present JWST/NIRSpec high-resolution G395H/F290LP spectroscopy of MACS0647−JD, a gravitationally lensed galaxy merger at z = 10.167. The new spectroscopy, which is acquired for the two lensed images (JD1 and JD2), detects and resolves emission lines in the rest-frame ultraviolet and blue optical, including the resolved [O ii ] λ λ 3726, 3729 doublet, [Ne iii ] λ 3870, He i λ 3890, H δ , H γ , and [O iii ] λ 4363. This is the first observation of the resolved [O ii ] λ λ 3726, 3729 doublet for a galaxy at z > 8. We measure a line flux ratio [O ii ] λ 3729/ λ 3726 = 0.9 ± 0.3, which corresponds to an estimated electron density of $\mathrm{log}({n}_{e}/{\mathrm{cm}}^{-3})=2.9\pm 0.5$ . This is significantly higher than the electron densities of local galaxies reported in the literature. We compile measurements from the literature and further analyze the redshift evolution of n _e . We find that the redshift evolution follows the power-law form of n _e = A × (1 + z ) ^p with $A={54}_{-23}^{+31}$ cm ^−3 and $p={1.2}_{-0.4}^{+0.4}$ . This power-law form may be explained by a combination of metallicity and morphological evolution of galaxies, which become, on average, more metal poor and more compact with increasing redshift.
Keywords
