Deciphering the Potential of Probiotics in Vaccines
Chang Xu,
Amjad Islam Aqib,
Mahreen Fatima,
Sadia Muneer,
Tean Zaheer,
Song Peng,
Essam H. Ibrahim,
Kun Li
Affiliations
Chang Xu
MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
Amjad Islam Aqib
Department of Medicine, Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
Mahreen Fatima
Faculty of Biosciences, Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
Sadia Muneer
Institute of Microbiology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
Tean Zaheer
Department of Parasitology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
Song Peng
Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
Essam H. Ibrahim
Biology Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
Kun Li
MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
The demand for vaccines, particularly those prepared from non-conventional sources, is rising due to the emergence of drug resistance around the globe. Probiotic-based vaccines are a wise example of such vaccines which represent new horizons in the field of vaccinology in providing an enhanced and diversified immune response. The justification for incorporating probiotics into vaccines lies in the fact that that they hold the capacity to regulate immune function directly or indirectly by influencing the gastrointestinal microbiota and related pathways. Several animal-model-based studies have also highlighted the efficacy of these vaccines. The aim of this review is to collect and summarize the trends in the recent scientific literature regarding the role of probiotics in vaccines and vaccinology, along with their impact on target populations.
