Selection and Evaluation System of Rice Varieties Suitable Mechanical Transplanting in Guangdong Province

Abstract

【Objective】The study was carried out to explore the yield potential and rice quality of different rice varieties under mechanical transplanting mode, select suitable rice varieties for mechanical transplanting in Guangdong and construct an evaluation system of rice variety breeding.【Method】Fourteen rice varieties mainly cultivated in Guangdong were selected to carry out experiments of mechanical transplanting rice in three seasons of two years, with manual transplanting rice as control. Quantitative evaluation was carried out with yield and quality as primary indexes and brown rice rate, milled rice rate, head rice rate, transparency, chalky rice rate and chalkiness degree as secondary indexes.【Result】Compared with manual transplanting, the yield of mechanical transplanting decreased by 16.3%, while the brown rice rate, milled rice rate, chalky rice rate and chalkiness degree increased by 1.3, 1.4, 3.47 and 0.89 percentage points, respectively, and the transparency increased by 0.1 percentage point. There were seasonal differences in the decrease or increase of yield and rice quality of mechanical transplanting. The yields of 14 varieties of mechanical transplanting in three seasons of two years were 11.1%, 18.8% and 17.3% lower than those of manual transplanting, respectively. The suitability scores of yields and rice quality showed that Yuehesimiao, Yueyinruanzhan, Hefengsimiao and Huanghuazhan had the highest scores among the 14 varieties. The correlation analysis between yield components and evaluation indexes showed that the suitability of mechanical transplanting was significantly correlated with dry matter accumulation, effective panicles and seed setting rate, and the correlation with dry matter accumulation and seed setting rate was extremely significant.【Conclusion】Compared with manual transplanting, the yield reduction of Hefengsimiao, Yuehesimiao, Yueyinruanzhan and Huanghuazhan was smaller, and the appearance quality of Guang 8 Youjinzhan, Yuehesimiao, Yueyinruanzhan and Nanjingxiangzhan was better. The suitability of mechanical transplanting showed that Yuehesimiao, Yueyinruanzhan, Hefengsimiao and Huanghuazhan had the highest scores and were suitable for promotion and application in Guangdong. The evaluation index system established in this study can be used as a reference for the breeding of rice varieties suitable for mechanical transplanting.

Keywords

• rice
• yield
• quality
• mechanical transplanting suitability
• variety screening
• evaluation system