Targeting Lactate: An Emerging Strategy for Macrophage Regulation in Chronic Inflammation and Cancer
Rong Jiang,
Wen-Jing Ren,
Li-Ying Wang,
Wei Zhang,
Zhi-Hong Jiang,
Guo-Yuan Zhu
Affiliations
Rong Jiang
State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Respiratory Infectious Disease, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, China
Wen-Jing Ren
State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Respiratory Infectious Disease, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, China
Li-Ying Wang
State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Respiratory Infectious Disease, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, China
Wei Zhang
State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Respiratory Infectious Disease, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, China
Zhi-Hong Jiang
State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Respiratory Infectious Disease, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, China
Guo-Yuan Zhu
State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Respiratory Infectious Disease, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, China
Lactate accumulation and macrophage infiltration are pivotal features of both chronic inflammation and cancer. Lactate, once regarded merely as an aftereffect of glucose metabolism, is now gaining recognition for its burgeoning spectrum of biological roles and immunomodulatory significance. Recent studies have evidenced that macrophages display divergent immunophenotypes in different diseases, which play a pivotal role in disease management by modulating macrophage polarization within the disease microenvironment. The specific polarization patterns of macrophages in a high-lactate environment and their contribution to the progression of chronic inflammation and cancer remain contentious. This review presents current evidence on the crosstalk of lactate and macrophage in chronic inflammation and cancer. Additionally, we provide an in-depth exploration of the pivotal yet enigmatic mechanisms through which lactate orchestrates disease pathogenesis, thereby offering novel perspectives to the development of targeted therapeutic interventions for chronic inflammation and cancer.