Autophagy-independent effects of autophagy-related-5 (Atg5) on exosome production and metastasis

Abstract

Autophagy-related-5 (Atg5) and Autophagy-related-16-Like-1 (Atg16L1) canonically participate in autophagy. Recent research demonstrates that apart from this, they also control production of extracellular vesicles called exosomes by regulating acidification of late endosomes. Atg5-mediated exosome production increased migration and metastasis of breast cancer cells suggesting exosomes may perform some functions ascribed to autophagy.

Keywords

• autophagy
• exosomes
• v1v0-atpase
• acidification
• metastasis
• biology of malignant cells
• mechanisms of oncogenesis and tumor progression