Multifaceted antibiotic stewardship intervention using a participatory-action-research approach to improve antibiotic prescribing for urinary tract infections in frail elderly (ImpresU): study protocol for a European qualitative study followed by a pragmatic cluster randomised controlled trial

• Cees M P M Hertogh,
• Anna Kowalczyk,
• Morten Lindbaek,
• Ronny Gunnarsson,
• Pär-Daniel Sundvall,
• Nicolaas P A Zuithoff,
• Theo J M Verheij,
• Esther A R Hartman,
• Wim G Groen,
• Silje Rebekka Heltveit-Olsen,
• Sigurd Hoye,
• Ingmarie Skoglund,
• Egill Snaebjörnsson Arnljots,
• Maciej Godycki-Cwirko,
• Tamara N Platteel,
• Annelie A Monnier,
• Alma C van de Pol

Affiliations

Cees M P M Hertogh

professor of elderly care medicine and geriatric ethics

Anna Kowalczyk

1 Centre for Family and Community Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland

Morten Lindbaek

Department of General Practice, Institute for Health and Society, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway

Ronny Gunnarsson

1 Primary Health care, Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, the Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg, Sweden

Pär-Daniel Sundvall

General Practice / Family Medicine, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden

Nicolaas P A Zuithoff

7 Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands

Theo J M Verheij

professor of general practice

Esther A R Hartman

1 Department of Medicine for Older People, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

Wim G Groen

1 Department of Medicine for Older People, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

Silje Rebekka Heltveit-Olsen

3 The Antibiotic Centre for Primary Care, Department of General Practice, Institute of Health and Society, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway

Sigurd Hoye

3 The Antibiotic Centre for Primary Care, Department of General Practice, Institute of Health and Society, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway

Ingmarie Skoglund

4 General Practice/Family Medicine, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden

Egill Snaebjörnsson Arnljots

4 General Practice/Family Medicine, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden

Maciej Godycki-Cwirko

6 Centre for Family and Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland

Tamara N Platteel

2 Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands

Annelie A Monnier

1 Department of Medicine for Older People, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

Alma C van de Pol

2 Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands