Newly published studies on satiety benefits of Korean pine nut oil (PinnoThin™)

Abstract

A Korean pine nut oil product, PinnoThin™, has been shown to trigger the release of the satiety gut hormone cholecystokinin (CCK) in vitro. Recently published randomized, placebo-controlled double-blind crossover clinical trials have investigated the effects of PinnoThin™ on satiety markers. A clinical trial in 18 overweight postmenopausal women, studied the effects of PinnoThin™ free fatty acid (FFA) and triglyceride (TG) versus placebo (olive oil) on CCK and glucagon peptide-1 (GLP-1) release and appetite sensations. PinnoThin™ FFA and TG were shown to have significant effects on CCK release, while PinnoThin™ FFA had significant effects on GLP-1. Prospective food intake assessed by visual analogue scale (VAS) was significantly reduced 30 minutes after PinnoThin™ FFA intake. Another study on 42 overweight young women investigated the effects of PinnoThin™ FFA and different doses of PinnoThin™ TG versus placebo (olive oil) on food intake, feeding behaviour and appetite. Pinno- Thin™ FFA given 30 minutes prior to ad libitum buffet lunch significantly reduced food intake (grams) and tended to decrease energy intake (kcal) compared to placebo, while no compensation for the reduced intake was observed at ad libitum dinner. Since it was previously shown that PinnoThin™ TG is normally hydrolyzed to PinnoThin™ FFA, the differential results seen in the case of PinnoThin™ FFA and TG are consistent with a delay in TG conversion to FFA. These studies suggest that PinnoThin™ has satiating effects corresponding to increased release of satiety hormones CCK and GLP-1 and decrease in subsequent food intake.

Keywords

• satiety
• satiation
• fatty acids
• triglyceride
• CCK
• cholecystokinin