SMEDDS of Citrus hystrix ethanolic extract improves cardiac and hepar histopathology profile on doxorubicin-induced rats

Abstract

Citrus hystrix D.C. (kaffir lime) peel contains several flavonoids including rutin, naringenin, hesperidin. C. hystrix peel ethanolic extract (ChEE) has shown its potency as cardioprotector agent in chemotherapy. However, there are limitations to the utilization of ChEE due to its poor water solubility and low oral bioavailability. Accordingly, self-microemulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS) formulations were developed to improve the oral absorption of flavonoids. Tween 80, Corn oil, and propylene glicol (5:1:1ml) were combined to form ChEE-SMEDDS. The present study is to evaluated ChEE-SMEDDS for their physicochemical properties and in vivo using combination with doxorubicin to see blood serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), nitrit oxide (NO) activity and also cardio-hepato-histopathology of female Sprague Dawley rats. The results showed that ChEE-SMEDDS repaired cardio-hepato-histopathology profile of doxorubicin -induced rats, but did not reduce serum activity of NO, ALT and AST. These results indicated that ChEE-SMEDDS has potency to be developed and improved as cardio-hepato-protector agent in chemotherapy. Keywords: Citrus hystrix D.C., SMEDDS, Cardio-hepatoprotector, Histopathology, Chemoterapy