Регионология (Dec 2022)
The Dynamic of the Fertility Age Model in the Two Regions of Russia
Abstract
Introduction. The increase of the age of mothers at the birth of children is observed in the modern period. The speed of this process in different regions of Russia and the world is different. The aim of this research is to estimate the average age of mothers and the number of children born by one woman in Tyumen and Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky in 2017–2018. Materials and Methods. The archival documents from medical institutions about 676 women who registered for pregnancy have been analyzed. For temporary comparison for the period from 1985 to 2003, we use the data presented in a previously published monograph. The standard methods of statistics, spatial and temporal analysis are used, which have made it possible to identify the dynamics of the age model of fertility. Results. The authors have determine that the distribution of women by age at the birth of children is the same in two Russian cities. A group of women aged 26 to 33 years is represented with 55% frequency. The average age of women in labor from two cities is the same. In Tyumen is 30.1 ± 0.63, in Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky is 29.5 ± 0.38. The article provides evidence that in the previous period, the proportion of women in labor aged 18 to 25 years was 60%. In both cities, the distribution of women by the number of births is the same, 83% gave birth twice. 14% of children were born in third births. In the previous time interval, 65% of children were born in first birth. During this period it has been defined that the average number of births in the city of Tyumen is less than in the rural areas of the south of the Tyumen region, and less than among the indigenous women in the north of the region (Khanty and Mansi). Discussion and Conclusion. In the studied period, the dynamic of increase of the age of women in labor is obvious. One of the reasons for this trend is the increase count of mothers giving birth again. The financial support from the state makes possible to implement the two-child and large family model in Russia. But it should be aware of the increased risk of biological problems in the group of older women. It is advisable to discuss the negative consequences of delayed motherhood, for example, through the education system. The material of the article is useful, first of all, for future parents.
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