Natural enemies of the fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Burkina Faso
Besmer Régis Ahissou,
Wendnéyidé Mathieu Sawadogo,
Schémaéza Bonzi,
Hugues Baimey,
Irénée Somda,
Aimé H. Bokonon-Ganta,
François J. Verheggen
Affiliations
Besmer Régis Ahissou
Beninese. Professional Master in Plant Protection and PhD student at Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech (University of Liege, Belgium) and at the Institute of Rural Development (University Nazi Boni, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso). Email: [email protected]
Wendnéyidé Mathieu Sawadogo
Burkinabé. Engineer in Agronomy and PhD student at Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech (University of Liege, Belgium) and at the Institute of Rural Development (University Nazi Boni, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso). Email: [email protected]
Schémaéza Bonzi
Burkinabé. Engineer in Agronomy and Doctor in phytopathology, Assistant Professor in phytopathology at University Nazi Boni, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso. Email: [email protected]
Hugues Baimey
Beninese. MSc and PhD in nematology, Professor in nematology at University of Parakou, Parakou, Benin. Laboratory of Diagnosis and Integrated Management of Plant Bio-agressors, Faculty of Agronomy. Email: [email protected]
Irénée Somda
Burkinabé, Engineer in Agronomy and Doctor in phytopathology, Professor in phytopathology at University Nazi Boni, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso. Email: [email protected]
Aimé H. Bokonon-Ganta
Beninese. Engineer in Agronomy and Doctor in Entomology, Lecturer in phytopathology at University of Abomey-Calavi, Abomey-Calavi, Benin. Laboratory of Agricultural Entomology, Faculty of Agronomic Sciences. Email: [email protected]
François J. Verheggen
Belgian. Bioengineer and Doctor in Agronomic Sciences and biological engineering. Professor of Entomology at Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech (University of Liege). Avenue de la Faculté d'Agronomie 2B, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium. Corresponding Author: [email protected]; Tel: +3281622662
The fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is a voracious pest that preferentially feeds on cereals and other crops of economic importance. Native to America, it has recently invaded sub-Saharan African countries where it is currently threatening food security. There is limited knowledge of the natural enemies of the fall armyworm in Africa. In this study, we aimed to identify arthropods, fungi and entomopathogenic nematodes that naturally control this pest in Burkina Faso. Insect samplings, including larvae and egg masses, were conducted in 47 maize farms from October 2019 to November 2020. About 20 species of parasitoids, predators and entomopathogenic fungus associated with the fall armyworm were identified. The overall parasitism rate was 10.5%. Nematodes (Mermithidae) were the most frequent parasites (73.2% of the parasitized larvae). Identified parasitoids included Hymenopterans [Coccygidium luteum (Brullé), Chelonus bifoveolatus (Szépligeti)] and Dipterans (Drino sp.). Predators included Areneae and insects belonging to the following families: Carabidae (Calleida sp.), Coccinellidae [Cheilomenes sulphurea (Olivier)], Forficulidae [Diaperasticus erythrocephalus (Olivier), Forficula senegalensis (Serville)], Formicidae [Pheidole megacephala (Fabricius) and others], Mantidae, Pentatomidae and Reduviidae (Rhynocoris sp.). The most abundant predators were members of the Forficulidae (51%), Formicidae (15%) and Coccinellidae (13%). We advocate for the development of conservation biological control since this approach can be simple and cost-effective to control this pest.