Job stress and risk of menstrual duration disorder in female civilian flight attendants in Indonesia

Abstract

Abstrak Latar belakang: Gangguan durasi haid pada pramugari dapat mengganggu performa kerja. Tujuan penelitianadalah untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor risiko yang terhadap gangguan durasi haid pada pramugari.Metode: Penelitian potong lintang dengan sampling purposif dilakukan pada pramugari berusia 19–50 tahunyang melakukan pemeriksaan kesehatan berkala di Balai Kesehatan Penerbangan dan Garuda Sentra Medikatanggal 18–29 Mei 2015. Gangguan durasi haid ialah durasi haid lebih dari 8 hari dan/atau lebih pendek daribiasa (3–5 hari). Stres diidentifikasi dengan kriteria National Institute for Occupational Safety and HealthGeneric Job Stress Questionnaire Mental Demands Form Number 11. Analisis dilakukan dengan regresi Cox.Hasil: Di antara 521 pramugari sebanyak 393 setuju berpartisipasi, 19 dieksklusi karena menderita gangguandurasi haid sebelum bekerja, sehingga diperoleh 374 subyek untuk analisis, dan 35,8% di antaranya menderitagangguan durasi haid. Stres kerja, jenis penerbangan dan usia merupakan faktor risiko dominan terhadapgangguan durasi haid. Pramugari dengan stres kerja memiliki risiko menderita gangguan durasi haid 58%lebih tinggi [risiko relatif suaian (RRa) = 1,58; interval kepercayaan (CI) = 0,96-2,62; P = 0,071]. Pramugaridengan jenis penerbangan jarak jauh dalam tiga bulan terakhir memiliki risiko 69% lebih tinggi mengalamigangguan durasi haid (RRa=1,69; CI=1,17-2,43). Pramugari berumur 30–39 tahun memiliki risiko gangguandurasi haid 50% lebih rendah (RRa = 0,50; 95% CI = 0,22-1,02; P = 0,057).Kesimpulan: Pramugari dengan stres kerja, jenis penerbangan jarak jauh dalam tiga bulan terakhir, danberusia 19–24 tahun memiliki risiko lebih tinggi gangguan durasi haid.(Health Science Journal of Indonesia2015;6:87-91)Kata kunci: durasi haid, stres kerja, pramugari, Indonesia AbstractBackground: Menstrual duration disorder may cause impaired work performance. The research objectivewas to identify risk factors related to menstrual duration disorder in female flight attendants.Methods: A cross-sectional study with convenient sampling was conducted on civilian female flightattendants age 19–50 years who underwent routine medical examination at Civil Aviation Medical Centerand Garuda Sentra Medika, Jakarta on May 18-29 2015. Menstrual duration disorder is menstruation morethan 8 days and/or shorter than usual perid (3-5 days). Stress was identified by usingcriteria of NationalInstitute for Occupational Safety and Health Generic Job Stress Questionnaire Mental Demands FormNumber 11. Relative risk was analyzed usng Cox regression.Results: Among 521 female civilian flight attendants, 393 were willing to participate in this study. Nineteensubjects were excluded, leaving 374 subjects for this analysis, and 35.8% of subjects had menstrualduration disorder. Job stress, flight type and age were dominant risk factors for menstrual duration disorder.Subjects with job stress and long haul flight within three months had higher risk for having menstrualduration disorder by 58% [adjusted relative risk (RRa) = 1.58; confidence interval (CI) = 0.96-2.62; P =0.071] and 69% (RRa = 1.69; CI = 1.17-2.43) respectively. Those between aged 30-39 years had 50% hadless risk of having menstrual duration disorder (RRa=0.50; 95% CI = 0.22-1.02; P = 0.057).Conclusion: Female civilian flight attendants with job stress, long haul flight within three months and youngerage had higher risk to be menstrual duration disorder. (Health Science Journal of Indonesia 2015;6:87-91)Key words: menstrual duration, job stress, female civilian flight attendant, Indonesia