Synthesized Chitosan-Sodium Alginate-Polyethylene glycol-D-Pinitol nanocomposites showed antiarthritic activity on Freund’s Complete Adjuvant-induced arthritis in rats

Abstract

Background: Osteoarthritis is a severe degenerative joint disease characterized by swelling, joint pain, degradation of cartilage extracellular matrix, synovitis, callus formation, and loss of normal joint movements, which leads to functional limitations and seriously affect the patient’s life quality. Objective: The current research work was focussed to synthesize and characterize the chitosan-sodium alginate-polyethylene glycol-d-pinitol nanocomposites (CSP-dP-NCs) and evaluate its antiarthritic activity against the freund’s complete adjuvant (FCA)-triggered arthritis in animals. Methodology: The CSP-dP-NCs were synthesized by standard method. The development and properties of formulated CSP-dP-NCs were confirmed by several characterization techniques like UV–visible, photoluminescence, X-ray diffractometer (XRD), Fourier Transform-Infrared (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopic (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), and dynamic light scattering (DLS) analyses. The arthritis was induced in experimental rats via administering 0.1 ml of FCA subcutaneously and then treated with 10 and 25 mg/kg of synthesized CSP-dP-NCs for 25 days. The bodyweight of animals were tabulated and then haematological parameters, organ index, and paw volume was examined. The levels of liver marker enzymes were assessed by standard techniques. The contents and pro-inflammatory cytokines and antioxidant parameters were quantified using assay kits. Results: The findings of characterization studies confirmed the development of CSP-dP-NCs with size ranging from 180 nm, tetragonal appearance, and narrowed distribution. The CSP-dP-NCs treated arthritic animals demonstrated the improved bodyweight and haematological parameters. The levels of thymus and spleen index and hind paw volume was decreased by the CSP-dP-NCs. The administration of CSP-dP-NCs to the arthritic rats also exhibited the decreased contents of IL-6, IL-10, IL-1β, TNF-α, MDA levels and increased the GSH level, CAT and SOD activities. The activities of ALP, ALT, and ASP also decreased in arthritic rats by the CSP-dP-NCs treatment. Conclusion: Altogether, the findings of this study demonstrated the antiarthritic activity of formulated CSP-dP-NCs against FCA-induced arthritic rats via modulating oxidative stress and inflammatory parameters. Hence, it could be the effective drug for the arthritis treatment in the future.

Keywords

• Arthritis
• Nanomedicine
• Lymphocytes
• D-Pinitol
• Chitosan
• Interleukin-1β