International Journal of Molecular Sciences (Jan 2023)

Strategies to Overcome Resistance to Immune-Based Therapies in Osteosarcoma

  • Claudia Maria Hattinger,
  • Iris Chiara Salaroglio,
  • Leonardo Fantoni,
  • Martina Godel,
  • Chiara Casotti,
  • Joanna Kopecka,
  • Katia Scotlandi,
  • Toni Ibrahim,
  • Chiara Riganti,
  • Massimo Serra

DOI
https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24010799
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 24, no. 1
p. 799

Abstract

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Improving the prognosis and cure rate of HGOSs (high-grade osteosarcomas) is an absolute need. Immune-based treatment approaches have been increasingly taken into consideration, in particular for metastatic, relapsed and refractory HGOS patients, to ameliorate the clinical results currently achieved. This review is intended to give an overview on the immunotherapeutic treatments targeting, counteracting or exploiting the different immune cell compartments that are present in the HGOS tumor microenvironment. The principle at the basis of these strategies and the possible mechanisms that HGOS cells may use to escape these treatments are presented and discussed. Finally, a list of the currently ongoing immune-based trials in HGOS is provided, together with the results that have been obtained in recently completed clinical studies. The different strategies that are presently under investigation, which are generally aimed at abrogating the immune evasion of HGOS cells, will hopefully help to indicate new treatment protocols, leading to an improvement in the prognosis of patients with this tumor.

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