European Physical Journal C: Particles and Fields (Aug 2021)
Calibration of the Gerda experiment
- M. Agostini,
- G. Araujo,
- A. M. Bakalyarov,
- M. Balata,
- I. Barabanov,
- L. Baudis,
- C. Bauer,
- E. Bellotti,
- S. Belogurov,
- A. Bettini,
- L. Bezrukov,
- V. Biancacci,
- E. Bossio,
- V. Bothe,
- V. Brudanin,
- R. Brugnera,
- A. Caldwell,
- C. Cattadori,
- A. Chernogorov,
- T. Comellato,
- V. D’Andrea,
- E. V. Demidova,
- N. Di Marco,
- E. Doroshkevich,
- F. Fischer,
- M. Fomina,
- A. Gangapshev,
- A. Garfagnini,
- C. Gooch,
- P. Grabmayr,
- V. Gurentsov,
- K. Gusev,
- J. Hakenmüller,
- S. Hemmer,
- R. Hiller,
- W. Hofmann,
- J. Huang,
- M. Hult,
- L. V. Inzhechik,
- J. Janicskó Csáthy,
- J. Jochum,
- M. Junker,
- V. Kazalov,
- Y. Kermaïdic,
- H. Khushbakht,
- T. Kihm,
- I. V. Kirpichnikov,
- A. Klimenko,
- R. Kneißl,
- K. T. Knöpfle,
- O. Kochetov,
- V. N. Kornoukhov,
- P. Krause,
- V. V. Kuzminov,
- M. Laubenstein,
- M. Lindner,
- I. Lippi,
- A. Lubashevskiy,
- B. Lubsandorzhiev,
- G. Lutter,
- C. Macolino,
- B. Majorovits,
- W. Maneschg,
- L. Manzanillas,
- M. Miloradovic,
- R. Mingazheva,
- M. Misiaszek,
- P. Moseev,
- Y. Müller,
- I. Nemchenok,
- L. Pandola,
- K. Pelczar,
- L. Pertoldi,
- P. Piseri,
- A. Pullia,
- C. Ransom,
- L. Rauscher,
- S. Riboldi,
- N. Rumyantseva,
- C. Sada,
- F. Salamida,
- S. Schönert,
- J. Schreiner,
- M. Schütt,
- A-K. Schütz,
- O. Schulz,
- M. Schwarz,
- B. Schwingenheuer,
- O. Selivanenko,
- E. Shevchik,
- M. Shirchenko,
- L. Shtembari,
- H. Simgen,
- A. Smolnikov,
- D. Stukov,
- A. A. Vasenko,
- A. Veresnikova,
- C. Vignoli,
- K. von Sturm,
- T. Wester,
- C. Wiesinger,
- M. Wojcik,
- E. Yanovich,
- B. Zatschler,
- I. Zhitnikov,
- S. V. Zhukov,
- D. Zinatulina,
- A. Zschocke,
- A. J. Zsigmond,
- K. Zuber,
- G. Zuzel,
- Gerda Collaboration
Affiliations
- M. Agostini
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London
- G. Araujo
- Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich
- A. M. Bakalyarov
- National Research Centre “Kurchatov Institute”
- M. Balata
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso and Gran Sasso Science Institute
- I. Barabanov
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences
- L. Baudis
- Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich
- C. Bauer
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik
- E. Bellotti
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università Milano Bicocca
- S. Belogurov
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences
- A. Bettini
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università degli Studi di Padova
- L. Bezrukov
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences
- V. Biancacci
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università degli Studi di Padova
- E. Bossio
- Physik Department, Technische Universität München
- V. Bothe
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik
- V. Brudanin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research
- R. Brugnera
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università degli Studi di Padova
- A. Caldwell
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik
- C. Cattadori
- INFN Milano Bicocca
- A. Chernogorov
- Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, NRC “Kurchatov Institute”
- T. Comellato
- Physik Department, Technische Universität München
- V. D’Andrea
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso and Università degli Studi dell’Aquila
- E. V. Demidova
- Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, NRC “Kurchatov Institute”
- N. Di Marco
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso and Gran Sasso Science Institute
- E. Doroshkevich
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences
- F. Fischer
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik
- M. Fomina
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research
- A. Gangapshev
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik
- A. Garfagnini
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università degli Studi di Padova
- C. Gooch
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik
- P. Grabmayr
- Physikalisches Institut, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen
- V. Gurentsov
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences
- K. Gusev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research
- J. Hakenmüller
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik
- S. Hemmer
- INFN Padova
- R. Hiller
- Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich
- W. Hofmann
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik
- J. Huang
- Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich
- M. Hult
- European Commission, JRC-Geel
- L. V. Inzhechik
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences
- J. Janicskó Csáthy
- Physik Department, Technische Universität München
- J. Jochum
- Physikalisches Institut, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen
- M. Junker
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso and Gran Sasso Science Institute
- V. Kazalov
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences
- Y. Kermaïdic
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik
- H. Khushbakht
- Physikalisches Institut, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen
- T. Kihm
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik
- I. V. Kirpichnikov
- Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, NRC “Kurchatov Institute”
- A. Klimenko
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research
- R. Kneißl
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik
- K. T. Knöpfle
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik
- O. Kochetov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research
- V. N. Kornoukhov
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences
- P. Krause
- Physik Department, Technische Universität München
- V. V. Kuzminov
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences
- M. Laubenstein
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso and Gran Sasso Science Institute
- M. Lindner
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik
- I. Lippi
- INFN Padova
- A. Lubashevskiy
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research
- B. Lubsandorzhiev
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences
- G. Lutter
- European Commission, JRC-Geel
- C. Macolino
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso and Università degli Studi dell’Aquila
- B. Majorovits
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik
- W. Maneschg
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik
- L. Manzanillas
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik
- M. Miloradovic
- Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich
- R. Mingazheva
- Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich
- M. Misiaszek
- Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University
- P. Moseev
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences
- Y. Müller
- Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich
- I. Nemchenok
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research
- L. Pandola
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Sud
- K. Pelczar
- Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University
- L. Pertoldi
- Physik Department, Technische Universität München
- P. Piseri
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Milano and INFN Milano
- A. Pullia
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Milano and INFN Milano
- C. Ransom
- Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich
- L. Rauscher
- Physikalisches Institut, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen
- S. Riboldi
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Milano and INFN Milano
- N. Rumyantseva
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research
- C. Sada
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università degli Studi di Padova
- F. Salamida
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso and Università degli Studi dell’Aquila
- S. Schönert
- Physik Department, Technische Universität München
- J. Schreiner
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik
- M. Schütt
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik
- A-K. Schütz
- Physikalisches Institut, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen
- O. Schulz
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik
- M. Schwarz
- Physik Department, Technische Universität München
- B. Schwingenheuer
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik
- O. Selivanenko
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences
- E. Shevchik
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research
- M. Shirchenko
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research
- L. Shtembari
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik
- H. Simgen
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik
- A. Smolnikov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research
- D. Stukov
- National Research Centre “Kurchatov Institute”
- A. A. Vasenko
- Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, NRC “Kurchatov Institute”
- A. Veresnikova
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences
- C. Vignoli
- INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso and Gran Sasso Science Institute
- K. von Sturm
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università degli Studi di Padova
- T. Wester
- Institut für Kern- und Teilchenphysik, Technische Universität Dresden
- C. Wiesinger
- Physik Department, Technische Universität München
- M. Wojcik
- Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University
- E. Yanovich
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences
- B. Zatschler
- Institut für Kern- und Teilchenphysik, Technische Universität Dresden
- I. Zhitnikov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research
- S. V. Zhukov
- National Research Centre “Kurchatov Institute”
- D. Zinatulina
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research
- A. Zschocke
- Physikalisches Institut, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen
- A. J. Zsigmond
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik
- K. Zuber
- Institut für Kern- und Teilchenphysik, Technische Universität Dresden
- G. Zuzel
- Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University
- Gerda Collaboration
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-021-09403-2
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 81,
no. 8
pp. 1 – 11
Abstract
Abstract The GERmanium Detector Array (Gerda) collaboration searched for neutrinoless double- $$\beta $$ β decay in $$^{76}$$ 76 Ge with an array of about 40 high-purity isotopically-enriched germanium detectors. The experimental signature of the decay is a monoenergetic signal at $$Q_{\beta \beta }$$ Q β β $$=2039.061(7)$$ = 2039.061 ( 7 ) keV in the measured summed energy spectrum of the two emitted electrons. Both the energy reconstruction and resolution of the germanium detectors are crucial to separate a potential signal from various backgrounds, such as neutrino-accompanied double- $$\beta $$ β decays allowed by the Standard Model. The energy resolution and stability were determined and monitored as a function of time using data from regular $$^{228}$$ 228 Th calibrations. In this work, we describe the calibration process and associated data analysis of the full Gerda dataset, tailored to preserve the excellent resolution of the individual germanium detectors when combining data over several years.
