Clinical Interventions in Aging (Jul 2023)
Cross-Cultural Adaptation, Validity, and Reliability Testing of the Tilburg Frailty Indicator (TFI) Amharic Version for Screening Frailty in Community-Dwelling Ethiopian Older People
Abstract
Ayele Semachew Kasa,1,2 Peta Drury,1 Hui-Chen Rita Chang,1,3 Shu-Chun Lee,4 Victoria Traynor1 1School of Nursing, Faculty of Science, Medicine, and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong (UOW), New South Wales, Australia; 2Department of Adult Health Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia; 3School of Nursing and Midwifery, Western Sydney University, Parramatta South Campus, Parramatta, New South Wales, Australia; 4School of Gerontology and Long-Term Care, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, TaiwanCorrespondence: Ayele Semachew Kasa, Email [email protected]; [email protected]: Frailty is a global health problem, including in African countries. Despite this, no reliable or valid frailty instruments incorporate any African language, and no research exists to cross-culturally adapt and test the validity and reliability of instruments commonly used in other countries for use within African countries. The Tilburg Frailty Indicator (TFI) is a reliable and validated instrument with the potential to be relevant for older populations living in Africa. This study aimed to develop the TFI Amharic (TFI-AM) version for use within Ethiopia.Methods: This study employed psychometric testing and the evaluation of a translated and adapted instrument. The original English language version of the TFI was translated and culturally adapted into Amharic using the World Health Organization process of translation and adaptation of an instrument. A convenience sample of ninety-six community-dwelling older people 60 years and over was recruited. Cronbach’s alpha was used for the analysis of the internal consistency of the TFI Amharic (TFI-AM) version using IBM SPSS 26.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA). Face and content validities of the TFI-AM were determined.Results: The TFI-AM total mean score was 5.76 (± 2.89). The internal consistency of the TFI-AM was very good with an overall Cronbach alpha value of 0.82. The physical domain showed the highest reliability with a 0.75 Cronbach’s alpha value while the social domain was the lowest with a 0.68 Cronbach’s alpha value. The Cronbach’s alpha reliability coefficients of the instrument ranged from 0.68 to 0.75. The item content validity index value ranged from 0.83 to 1.0 and the total content validity index average for the instrument was 0.91.Conclusion: The TFI-AM is reliable, valid, and reproducible for the assessment of frailty among community-dwelling older populations in Ethiopia. TFI-AM proved an easy-to-administer, applicable and fast instrument for assessing frailty in community-dwelling older populations.Keywords: Tilburg frailty indicator, Amharic version, validity, reliability, older persons, frailty, Ethiopia
