Prevalência da fluorose dentária em escolares de 12 e 15 anos de idade em Salvador, Bahia, Brasil, 2001 Prevalence of dental fluorosis in 12 and 15 years old schoolchildren in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil, 2001

Abstract

O objetivo foi determinar a prevalência da fluorose dentária em uma amostra de 3.313 escolares de 12 e 15 anos em distrito sanitário em Salvador, Bahia, Brasil. Desenvolveu-se um estudo transversal e os dados foram coletados por sete examinadores (kappa = 0.69), segundo os critérios da OMS (índice de Dean). Informações adicionais como participação em programas, acesso ao dentista, local de moradia dos 0-5 anos de vida, sexo e etnia foram obtidos mediante questionário. Procedeu-se à análise descritiva para o município e para cada distrito. Resultou que 31,4% dos escolares aos 12 anos e 27,6% aos 15 anos apresentavam fluorose, predominando a categoria "muito leve". Foram encontradas diferenças entre os distritos (p This study aimed to determine the prevalence of dental fluorosis in a sample of 3,313 schoolchildren (ages 12 and 15) in a health district in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. A cross-sectional study was developed, and data were collected by seven examiners (kappa = 0.69) according to WHO criteria (the Dean index). Additional information such as participation in programs, access to a dentist, place of residence from 0-5 years of age, sex, and ethnicity were obtained through a questionnaire. A descriptive analysis was performed for the municipality as a whole and for each district. According to the results, 31.4% of the 12-year-olds and 27.6% of the 15-year-olds presented fluorosis, predominantly of the "very mild" type. Differences were found between the districts (p < 0.05). The districts of Pau da Lima and Brotas had the highest percentages of healthy individuals at 12 years of age (81.8% and 81.6%). At 15 years, Subúrbio Ferroviário, Pau da Lima, and Cajazeiras were the districts with the lowest prevalence rates (13.0%, 14.6%, and 13.5%). The district of Liberdade had the highest prevalence (72.4% and 57.3%) at 12 and 15 years, respectively, attributed to differences in calibration. Differences were found between the health districts, thus emphasizing the need for health surveillance.

Keywords

• Saúde Bucal
• Fluorose Dentária
• Prevalência
• Estudos Transversais
• Oral Health
• Dental Fluorosis
• Prevalence
• Cross-Sectional Studies