CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS OF INTRAORAL CONTACT HYPERSENSITIVITY AMONG DENTAL PATIENTS WITH METHACRYLATE ALLERGY

Abstract

After acrylic resins have been developed they found a broad area of application. Today they have totally replaced the amalgam and are used in the manufacturing of dental prosthesis, restorative materials, root canal filling materials, bonding materials and glass ionomers. As a consequence, the number of allergic reactions to these materials is increasing. Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the most common intraoral clinical manifestations of allergic reactions to plastic materials used in dentistry. Materials and methods: The study population consisted of 200 interviewed participants divided into two groups: dental patients with methacrylic restorations and occupationally exposed to methacrylates manicurists and dental technicians. All of them had dental treatments with acrylic materials. 154 of them were patch tested with 24 methacrylate allergens compiled from (Meth)Acrylate Series Adhesives, Dental & Other, (Meth)Acrylate Series - Nails Artificial Series (MN- 1000) (Chemotechnique Diagnostics Vellinge, Sweden). 30 patients (19.48%) showed positive reactions to tested substances. Results: Erythema was observed in 8 (26.66 %) patients, edematous changes in oral tissues in 4 (13.33%) patients. In 60% of patients with positive reactions, there were no intraoral findings. Aphthous or lichenoid eruptions which are specific for contact allergy to dental materials were not registered during intraoral inspections. Conclusions: According to results of this study we cannot confirm that there are specific intra or extra oral changes pathognomonic for methacrylate allergy in dental patients.

Keywords

• intraoral allergic reaction
• methacrylate allergy
• contact hypersensitivity
• patch test
• dental acrylic resins